1. Inclusions and Exclusions
Family Settlement in a Changing Immigration Environment
1 For permission to reproduce contact Amrit Versha
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Permission to reproduce contact Amrit Versha

2. Objectives
Create an awareness and understanding of the important elements of Australia’s migration program.
Raise awareness of the eligibilities and ineligibilities of income and access associated with some of the Visa subclasses
Create an understanding of how access restrictions impact on the integration of children into the mainstream society
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3. The Migration Program has two main branches, Migrants and Refugee’s
The Migration Program has two main branches, Migrants and Refugee’s. These can be further broken down into Temporary and Permanent.
Migrants
Refugee
Temporary
Program
Permanent
Program
Temporary
Permanent
Economic
Economic
Tourist and Holiday Makers
Short Stay Business
Professional Development
Business Visa’s with significant capital
Temporary Protection Visa
Asylum Seekers
Bridging Visas
Refugee (200)
In Country Special Humanitarian (201)
Emergency Rescue (203)
Women At Risk (204)
Special Humanitarian Program (202)
Unaccompanied Minors
(covered by Guardianship Of
children Act)
Skilled
Skilled Independent
Australian Sponsored Link
Designated Area Sponsored
Skill Matching Database
Skilled
After 2 yrs
Student
Skilled Independent Regional
Temporary Business
Parent
Aged Parents
Contributory Parents
Partner
Child
Spouse
Fiancé
Inter-dependence
Own Child
Adopted Child
Orphan Relative
Other
Compiled from Fact sheets 20, 29, 33,36, 39,40,60,69
Bridging Visas
Social and Cultural Stream
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4. Total Migration from 3 key categories
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DIMIA (2006) Population Flows: Immigration Aspects Edition, p and DIMIA (2006), Factsheet 20: Migration program planning levels

5. Source Countries for Australian Migration
UK has one of the largest
portion of over stayers
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Migration Program Statistics

6. In 2003/2004 there were only 82 boat arrivals
Key Comparisons
Refugees
Total accepted refugees per year
In planning year 14,144 visas were issued
Source countries consist of:
Sudan
Iraq
Afghanistan
Burma
Liberia
Burundi
Sierra Leone
Congo
In 2003/2004 there were only 82 boat arrivals
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7. Refugee Visas 2004/05 Total 13008 Refugee 5,511 Women at risk 841
SHP ,585
On shore humanitarian 17
On shore refugees
(source Refugee council of Australia
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8. Off-shore refugee program
(a) Refugee category. Refugees are people outside their country of nationality, who are subject to persecution in their home country and have been identified in conjunction with the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) as in need of resettlement
(b) Special Humanitarian Program (SHP) category.
SHP entrants are people outside their home country who have suffered substantial discrimination amounting to gross violation of their human rights and who have been proposed by an Australian citizen, resident or community group in Australia
(c) Special Assistance category (SAC). This visa category was discontinued after the program year. This category was for people who, while not meeting the refugee or special humanitarian criteria, were nonetheless in situations of discrimination, displacement or hardship.
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9. On shore refugee program
Humanitarian category: This includes people granted permanent resident status on humanitarian grounds or granted Temporary Humanitarian Concern (subclass 786) visas
Onshore Refugee category is further divided into
Temporary Protection Visa (TPV) subclass 785
Permanent Protection Visa (PPV) subclass 866
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10. Settlement assistance
Refugees & proposers are assisted through the IHSS program which includes
Case Coordination, Information and Referrals
On Arrival Reception and Assistance
Accommodation Services
Short Term Torture and Trauma Counseling Services
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11. Where is the child? No eligibilities Limited eligibilities
The general trend of migration & assistance through disintegrated systems implies that their integration will be limited as it is not well controlled
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12. Some interesting Studies that look at Refugee children
A new Country and no place to call home: Hanover Welfare services 2004
Seeking Asylum alone: A study of Australian Law Policy and Practice regarding unaccompanied and separated children: MCrock
Faculty of Law Sydney University 2006
Asylum seekers and refugees in Australia: Issues of Mental Health and Well being: S.Raman and S.Goldfeld 2003
Scarred for life, but still alive. Children in conflict areas are often subject to physical harm. (Source: Burma Issues, 2003)
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13. Convention on the rights of the child & the Story of a Tamil family
Article 2
States Parties shall respect and ensure the rights set forth in the present Convention to each child within their jurisdiction without discrimination of any kind, irrespective of the child's or his or her parent's or legal guardian's race, colour, sex, language, religion, political or other opinion, national, ethnic or social origin, property, disability, birth or other status.
2. States Parties shall take all appropriate measures to ensure that the child is protected against all forms of discrimination or punishment on the basis of the status, activities, expressed opinions, or beliefs of the child's parents, legal guardians, or family members.
Article 3
1. In all actions concerning children, whether undertaken by public or private social welfare institutions, courts of law, administrative authorities or legislative bodies, the best interests of the child shall be a primary consideration.
2. States Parties undertake to ensure the child such protection and care as is necessary for his or her well-being, taking into account the rights and duties of his or her parents, legal guardians, or other individuals legally responsible for him or her, and, to this end, shall take all appropriate legislative and administrative measures.
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14. Listen to people don’t make assumptions and exclude them.
Human services workers: Bridge the gap between those who make decisions and those who have to suffer the effects of those decisions
Listen to people don’t make assumptions and exclude them.
If a person does not speak English or is not eligible for a service then work a bit harder to include them.
A few minutes of your extra work may change someone’s life.
Sometimes access also means goodwill, open-mindedness and a way around funding guidelines.
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15. Source of information www.immi.gov.au www.rcoa.org.au
DIMIA (2004) Australia's Support for Humanitarian Entrants, p.2 1. DIMIA (2005)
Australian Institute of Family studies
Australian Treaty Series 1991 No 4: DEPARTMENT OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS AND TRADE CANBERRA
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