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Constitution Convention GUIDED NOTES 2

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1 Constitution Convention GUIDED NOTES 2
Day 41 Opening Question Title = Shay’s Rebellion vs American Revolution Compare and Contrast Shay’s Rebellion to the American Revolution Are they similar in any ways? How are they different?

2 Constitution Convention GUIDED NOTES 2
Day Objectives Identify the important members, goals and conditions at the Constitutional Convention Analyze the compromises and winners and losers of the Constitutional Convention

3 Use Slot 2…Rename the title “Compromise?” Should we compromise?
Essential Question… Should we Compromise? Use Slot 2…Rename the title “Compromise?” Should we compromise? What is needed to achieve a good compromise?

4 Constitution Convention GUIDED NOTES 2
Outline for this Unit Articles of Confederation and why they fail Convention facts and who is there 2 Compromises in the Convention Principles – Federalism, Checks and Balances, Separation of Powers 7 Articles, powers for each branch How a Bill Becomes a law How to make an Amendment Electoral College Ratification – Feds vs Antifeds Bill of Rights Supreme Court Done

5 Constitution Convention GUIDED NOTES 2

6 Constitution Convention GUIDED NOTES 2
May-Sept 1787 AKA Philadelphia Convention Delegates from 12 of 13 states attended No Rhode Island 55 delegates total “Fear” was #56 SECRET!!!! Prayer to start each meeting

7 Constitution Convention GUIDED NOTES 2
Who were the 55 Delegates? Rev War “Pen” members return to make a 3rd album… Nationalists who still believed in republicanism “We have, probably, had too good an opinion of human nature in forming our confederation.” GW Similarities… Average Age = 44 (Franklin 81) Occupations 32 Lawyers 11 Merchants 4 Politicians 2 Military Men 2 Doctors 2 Teachers 1 Inventor 1 Farmer Well-Educated, $$, WASP men w/property What is good & bad about this group?

8 Constitution Convention GUIDED NOTES 2
Who were the Delegates? Big names there… GW Alexander Hamilton James Madison John Dickinson Big names not there… John Adams Thomas Jefferson Patrick Henry, Governor of Virginia refused to go “I smell a rat in Philadelphia” Still favored states rights

9 Constitution Convention GUIDED NOTES 2
How were the delegates picked? States voted for delegates Once delegates get job done, then what? DISBAND!!!! Why? So they won’t be making laws there for their own benefit!!! Delegates worked hard during the day…

10 Constitution Convention GUIDED NOTES 2
Original goal of the Convention? Just fix the Articles of the Confederation!!! That is all the Continental Congress of the A of C authorized to be done!!! But the A of C will be  “ripped up” and a new Constitution will be made  = some delegates  Will the sitting Cont Congress be okay with this?

11 Constitution Convention GUIDED NOTES 2
Prez of the Convention

12 Constitution Convention GUIDED NOTES 2
Father of the Const James Madison Shy but smart and clever Wrote most of it Will blend the philosophes ideas No Adams…

13 Constitution Convention GUIDED NOTES 2
What State will Dominate??? Virginia…why? Most population Best prepared delegates Will want something BAD! NJ sent David Brearley William Houston William Paterson William Livingston Jonathan Dayton

14 Constitution Convention GUIDED NOTES 2
Philadelphia Courthouse HOT summer of 1787… Very Secret Windows shut Guards present for protection Info of what happened comes from notes delegates made Info destroyed on purpose

15 Where will  get its ideas from?

16 Title = CC Quote If this Convention fails we would…“become a reproach and by-word down to future ages. And what is worse, mankind may hereafter, from this unfortunate instance, despair of establishing governments by human wisdom, and leave it to chance, war and conquest.” What does Ben Franklin mean? Do Now

17 How Issues Were Passed How does voting work at this convention?
By state (like 2nd Cont Congress) # of states needed to approve an issue? 7 of 12…simple majority The bigger # to worry about… 9 of 13 states have to ratify the Const!!

18 Issue #1…Restructuring The Legislative Branch
We know what is wrong with the Congress under the Articles of Confederation This issue gets heated in the room and takes time and ______to solve Compromises MUST BE MADE Convention almost collapses on this issue (BF’s quote!!!)

19 Option 1 - Virginia Plan Edmund Randolph Bi-Cameral Population
“Large State Plan” “___________ Congress” Means? How is representation determined for each state? How is a representative picked for each house? Lower house – popular election in that state Upper house – nominations from state legislatures (questions here?) Edmund Randolph Bi-Cameral Population

20 New Federal Powers in the Virginia Plan? Congress can…
Tax and regulate foreign and interstate commerce (why?) Veto (prohibit from becoming law) any acts from state legislatures Fed vs States tug of war… VA Plan has 3 branches Philosophe’s “recipe”? 

21 Constitution Convention GUIDED NOTES 2
Who likes this Plan? Who dislikes it? Likes? Big states (VA, PA, NY) Dislikes? Small states (NJ & DE) Can this plan get of 12 votes and then 9 of 13 ratifications?

22 Option 2 - NJ Plan William Paterson Uni-Cameral “Equal” number
“Small state plan” ____________ Congress Means? How is representation determined for each state? How is a representative picked for the one house? nominations from state legislatures… Where are the changes to the Articles of Confed? William Paterson Uni-Cameral “Equal” number

23 New Federal Powers in NJ Plan?
Close to VA Plan in some ways Congress Can… Tax and regulate foreign and interstate commerce Fed Gov = 3 Branches too Fed Gov vs States Tug of War? States would still win!!

24 The Solution? The Great Compromise VA and NJ Plans?
By Conn delegates Roger Sherman and Oliver Ellsworth VA and NJ Plans? How does Congress look?

25 Philosophy of the Great Compromise?
Mixed Government!! Every voice/class is heard Many examples in history of Mixed Government USA Exec = one Senate = few House = many England King = one Lords = few commons = many Rome Consul = one Plebians = many

26 Issue #2 = What to do with Slavery
The 2 views of it at the Convention? Abolitionists want it gone (BF) South must have it or no Const… “Every Republic in history had it.” (Athens, Rome, Sparta) 20% of USA Pop is slave 40% of South = slave Can the Constitution Convention get rid of it?

27 North wants each slave…
So slavery can’t/won’t be removed…So then what? North wants each slave… Taxed…why? South wants each slave… To count in population… why?

28 Both sides demand to get their way
Solution = Each slave counts as 3/5ths of a person 3/5th for population 3/5th for taxes Bigger winner? South

29 Constitution Convention GUIDED NOTES 2
The South should be VERY happy! The 3/5 compromise artificially inflates the power of the south Slaves are counted as a fraction of a person but get 0 rights So a landowner in South Carolina with one slave now counts as 8/5 of a vote versus a landowner in NY who has a 5/5 vote.

30 When to abolish the Trans-Atlantic slave trade?
The Convention wrote in the Constitution for the debate to be put off for 20 years Only in 20 years can Congress talk about abolishing the slave trade South got their way again A certain topic of slavery was not written in the Constitution, which is a problem (loophole) When to abolish the Trans-Atlantic slave trade?

31 Constitution Convention GUIDED NOTES 2
First House of Reps North states = 35 reps South states = 30 reps 2/3rd Representatives are needed to Propose an amendment in the House (where they start) What does this mean for slavery?

32 Last info on slavery Slaves called “other persons”…why?
People did their part to fight slavery 1777 – Republic of Vermont 1780 – Mass and PA 1784 – Conn and RI 1799 – NY…LATE 1804 – NJ…LATE

33 Constitution Convention GUIDED NOTES 2
What would the 55 members of the 2nd Constitution Convention think they were doing to the Declaration of Independence and the ideas in it?  or 

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