1. 6.1 Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Canada Inc. Management Information Systems, Second Canadian Edition Chapter 6: Hardware and Software HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE

2. 6.2 Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Canada Inc. Management Information Systems, Second Canadian Edition Chapter 6: Hardware and Software What computer hardware does our organization need?What computer hardware does our organization need? What networking arrangement is best for our organization?What networking arrangement is best for our organization? What software do we need to run our business, and how do we select it?What software do we need to run our business, and how do we select it? How should we acquire and manage the firm’s hardware and software assets?How should we acquire and manage the firm’s hardware and software assets? OBJECTIVES

3. 6.3 Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Canada Inc. Management Information Systems, Second Canadian Edition Chapter 6: Hardware and Software Networking Personal Computer (PC)Personal Computer (PC) –Small desktop or portable computer ServerServer –Mid size computer, ‘front-end’ –Provides services to other computers over a network MainframeMainframe –Large computer, ‘back-end’ processing –Provides management of corporate data base Centralized ProcessingCentralized Processing –Processing done by mainframe Client-Server ComputingClient-Server Computing –Splits processing between “clients” and “servers” on network

4. 6.4 Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Canada Inc. Management Information Systems, Second Canadian Edition Chapter 6: Hardware and Software Networking Network Computer (NC) – ‘Thin Client’ Simplified desktop computer, does not store data permanently

5. 6.5 Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Canada Inc. Management Information Systems, Second Canadian Edition Chapter 6: Hardware and Software What computer hardware does our organization need?What computer hardware does our organization need? What networking arrangement is best for our organization?What networking arrangement is best for our organization? What software do we need to run our business, and how do we select it?What software do we need to run our business, and how do we select it? How should we acquire and manage the firm’s hardware and software assets?How should we acquire and manage the firm’s hardware and software assets? OBJECTIVES

6. 6.6 Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Canada Inc. Management Information Systems, Second Canadian Edition Chapter 6: Hardware and Software Program: instructions to the computerinstructions to the computer System Software: manages computer’s resources so that application software can run efficientlymanages computer’s resources so that application software can run efficiently eg multiprogramming, multiprocessingeg multiprogramming, multiprocessing Application Software : Programs to serve end usersPrograms to serve end users eg MS Accesseg MS Access SOFTWARE

7. 6.7 Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Canada Inc. Management Information Systems, Second Canadian Edition Chapter 6: Hardware and Software SOFTWARE

8. 6.8 Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Canada Inc. Management Information Systems, Second Canadian Edition Chapter 6: Hardware and Software Operating Systems – How do they differ? InterfaceInterface –GUI - uses icons and a mouse to control OS –command-line interface – uses typed commands Open-Source vs Proprietary SoftwareOpen-Source vs Proprietary Software –Proprietary – only vendor can modify –Open-source –users can modify code to improve or fix errors –if sold, vendor must give purchaser same rights PopularityPopularity –Windows – most common PC OS –UNIX/Linux – most common web server OS –MAC OS – most popular for graphics intensive work SOFTWARE

9. 6.9 Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Canada Inc. Management Information Systems, Second Canadian Edition Chapter 6: Hardware and Software System Software and PC Operating Systems SOFTWARE

10. 6.10 Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Canada Inc. Management Information Systems, Second Canadian Edition Chapter 6: Hardware and Software SOFTWARE Programming Languages: Machine LanguageMachine Language Consists of the 0s and 1s of binary code High Level LanguagesHigh Level Languages Must be ‘complied’ (translated to machine language) eg - COBOL, C++, Visual BASIC Programming tools designed to support the WebProgramming tools designed to support the Web HTML, XML – page formatting tools Java - Platform-independent programming language.NET - Microsoft business strategy aimed at convergence of personal computing and the Web

11. 6.11 Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Canada Inc. Management Information Systems, Second Canadian Edition Chapter 6: Hardware and Software Types of Software Software Suites –Integrated Applications - eg MS Office XP –Word Processor, Spreadsheet, Database Manager Enterprise Software –Integrated modules allowing data sharing across major business functions - eg SAPMiddleware Allows two disparate applications to exchange data SOFTWARE

12. 6.12 Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Canada Inc. Management Information Systems, Second Canadian Edition Chapter 6: Hardware and Software SOFTWARE

13. 6.13 Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Canada Inc. Management Information Systems, Second Canadian Edition Chapter 6: Hardware and Software What computer hardware does our organization need?What computer hardware does our organization need? What networking arrangement is best for our organization?What networking arrangement is best for our organization? What software do we need to run our business, and how do we select it?What software do we need to run our business, and how do we select it? How should we acquire and manage the firm’s hardware and software assets?How should we acquire and manage the firm’s hardware and software assets? OBJECTIVES

14. 6.14 Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Canada Inc. Management Information Systems, Second Canadian Edition Chapter 6: Hardware and Software Capacity Planning: Process of predicting the computing power neededCapacity Planning: Process of predicting the computing power needed Scalability: Ability of a computer system to expand without breaking downScalability: Ability of a computer system to expand without breaking down Management of TCO: total cost of owning IT resources includes:Management of TCO: total cost of owning IT resources includes: initial cost of hardware and software cost of maintenance, upgrades, training etc. In-house vs Out sourcing: Use of service providers?In-house vs Out sourcing: Use of service providers? MANAGING HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE ASSETS

15. 6.15 Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Canada Inc. Management Information Systems, Second Canadian Edition Chapter 6: Hardware and Software MANAGING HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE ASSETS

16. 6.16 Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Canada Inc. Management Information Systems, Second Canadian Edition Chapter 6: Hardware and Software HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE