1. Slide 1 of 28 Chemistry 19.4

2. © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Slide 2 of 28 Neutralization Reactions Excess hydrochloric acid in the stomach can cause heartburn and a feeling of nausea. Antacids neutralize the stomach acid and relieve the pain of acid indigestion. You will learn what a neutralization reaction is. 19.4

3. © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Neutralization Reactions > Slide 3 of 28 Acid-Base Reactions What are the products of the reaction of an acid with a base? 19.4

4. Slide 4 of 28 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Neutralization Reactions > Acid-Base Reactions In general, the reaction of an acid with a base produces water and one of a class of compounds called salts. 19.4

5. Slide 5 of 28 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Neutralization Reactions > Acid-Base Reactions Reactions in which an acid and a base react in an aqueous solution to produce a salt and water are generally called neutralization reactions. 19.4

6. Slide 6 of 28 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Neutralization Reactions > Acid-Base Reactions 19.4

7. © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Neutralization Reactions > Slide 7 of 28 Titration What is the endpoint of a titration? 19.4

8. Slide 8 of 28 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Neutralization Reactions > Titration The process of adding a known amount of solution of known concentration to determine the concentration of another solution is called titration. The point of neutralization is the end point of the titration. 19.4

9. Slide 9 of 28 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Neutralization Reactions > Titration When an acid and base are mixed, the equivalence point is when the number of moles of hydrogen ions equals the number of moles of hydroxide ions. 19.4

10. © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall SAMPLE PROBLEM Slide 10 of 28 19.6

11. © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall SAMPLE PROBLEM Slide 11 of 28 19.6

12. © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall SAMPLE PROBLEM Slide 12 of 28 19.6

13. © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall SAMPLE PROBLEM Slide 13 of 28 19.6

14. © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Slide 14 of 28 Practice Problems for Sample Problem 19.6 Problem Solving 19.30 Solve Problem 30 with the help of an interactive guided tutorial.

15. Slide 15 of 28 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Neutralization Reactions > Titration The solution of known concentration is called the standard solution. Indicators are often used to determine when enough of the standard solution has been added to neutralize the acid or base. The point at which the indicator changes color is the end point of the titration. 19.4

16. Slide 16 of 28 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Neutralization Reactions > Titration Acid solution with indicator Added base is measured with a buret. Color change shows neutralization. 19.4

17. © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Slide 17 of 28 Neutralization Reactions > Titration Simulation 26 Simulate the titration of several acids and bases and observe patterns in the pH at equivalence.

18. Slide 18 of 28 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Neutralization Reactions > Titration 19.4

19. © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall SAMPLE PROBLEM Slide 19 of 28 19.7

20. © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall SAMPLE PROBLEM Slide 20 of 28 19.7

21. © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall SAMPLE PROBLEM Slide 21 of 28 19.7

22. © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall SAMPLE PROBLEM Slide 22 of 28 19.7

23. © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Slide 23 of 28 Practice Problems for Sample Problem 19.7 Problem Solving 19.33 Solve Problem 33 with the help of an interactive guided tutorial.

24. © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Slide 24 of 28 Section Quiz -or- Continue to: Launch: Assess students’ understanding of the concepts in Section 19.4 Section Quiz. 19.4.

25. © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Slide 25 of 28 19.4 Section Quiz 1. When a neutralization takes place, one of the products is always a.carbon dioxide. b.a salt. c.sodium chloride. d.a precipitate.

26. © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Slide 26 of 28 2. In a titration, 45.0 mL of KOH is neutralized by 75.0 mL of 0.30M HBr. What is the concentration of the KOH solution? a.0.18M b.0.60M c.0.25M d.0.50M 19.4 Section Quiz

27. © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Slide 27 of 28 3. How many moles of HCl are required to neutralize an aqueous solution of 2.0 mol Ca(OH) 2 ? a.0.5 mol b.1.0 mol c.2.0 mol d.4.0 mol 19.4 Section Quiz

28. © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Slide 28 of 28 19.4 Section Quiz 4. In which of the following neutralization titrations of 1-molar solutions of H 2 SO 4 and NaOH will the equivalence point be reached at the very end of the additions? H 2 SO 4 (aq) + 2NaOH(aq)  Na 2 SO 4 (aq) + 2H 2 O(aq) a.200 mL of H 2 SO 4 is slowly added to 100 mL of NaOH b.200 mL of H 2 SO 4 is slowly added to 200 mL of NaOH c.100 mL of H 2 SO 4 is slowly added to 200 mL of NaOH d.100 mL of H 2 SO 4 is slowly added to 100 mL of NaOH

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