1. Filipino Culture By: Lindsey Theriot & Ornisha Brown

2. Communication Nonverbal Smile and warm welcoming Polite vs. artificial Wear appropriate clothing Interactions between women and men Eye contact and personal space “Mano” Verbal Not Polite to discuss politics or religion Introducing yourself Conversation is contextual “Harana”

3. Interpersonal Interactions Interdependent/Protective “utang ng loob” Equality “Hiya” “pakikisama” Marriage and Family Women- house, family and garden; health care providers, teachers, clerks Men- tend the land; construction, machine upkeep Gender Roles Elderly Female service providers Healthcare provider Sleep inside when hosts sleep outside Guests

4. Meaning of: Prevention and Curing Social and culture contact Health Prevention and curing Start with self-monitoring Illness 24-hour vigil “Showy” Catholic, “An Act of God” Cremation Death

5. Nutrient/Dietary intakeHealth Beliefs Mainly consume ▫Vegetables ▫Fish ▫Rice and other grains Increased consumption of milk and milk products Principle of Balance (Timbang) ▫ Rapid shifts from hot to cold ▫ Warm environments ▫ Cold drinks or cooling foods ▫ A layer of fat is to vital energy

6. Nutritional Status Health Status Decreased intake of grains Food insecurity is high in rural areas Due to decreased consumption, weight has decreased Children lack vitamin A, Iron, Iodine and protein ~22% of the population is undernourished ~302% of children under 5 are malnourished

7. Traditional medical practices Faith healers ▫Three forms of treatment Nonpharmaceutical Diet Exercise

8. Food Customs Common FoodsPreparation Methods Lumpia Sinangag Pochero Bagoong Pandesal Pancit (rice noodles) Halo Maja Blanca Adobo Bagoong (fermented fish) Patis (fish extract)

9. Food Customs Therapeutic uses/Beliefs of food:Holidays/Celebrations/Festivals:

10. Food Customs Typical meal/ PatternSymbolism of foods: Breakfast served at 6am Lunch and dinner consist of light meals Small portions All courses served at the same time Noodles symbolize prosperity

11. Acculturation in the U.S.

12. Filipino Patient (Case Study) Traditional Filipino dishes that are low in sodium and saturated fat Educated on popular holiday and family dishes Diet Maintain eye contact and personal space between client and counselor, treat the client as they are an equal Communication Is there support at home; is he married and or have children? What type of environment is he in at work? Patient’s social and family support

13. Filipino Patient A- 52 y.o. Filipino male, 155lb, 5’5’’, BMI- 25.8, IBW- 136lb, %IBW- 114%, treated for myocardial infarction; computer programmer for a large firm, has lived in the U.S. of 34 years but still has Filipino ties; typical diet includes longganiza, bagoong, and sawsawan for dinner; Physician recommended counseling for a saturated fat and sodium restricted diet D -Excessive fat intake related to overconsumption of Filipino foods, such as longganiza and bagoong, as evidence by a BMI of 25.8 and mayocardial infarction. I- Nutrition counseling on preparing low sodium foods. Modifying portion sizes and the use of sauces with meals. Nutrition education on risk factors of being overweight. Educate patient on Filipino food choices that contain limited amounts of saturated fat. M/E- Return in two weeks to evaluate 24-hour food record. Monitor dietary intake for progress and experienced complications with diet modifications. Evaluate updated weight and lab levels.