1. Orion Telecom Networks Inc. 2005 E1 Automatic Protection Switching Solution (1+1 E1 Redundancy Switch) Updated : November, 2005 Slide 1 16810, Avenue of Fountains, Suite # 108, Fountain Hills, AZ 85268, U.S.A. Phone: +1 (480) 816-8672 Fax: +1 (480) 816-0115 E-mail: sales@oriontelecom.comsales@oriontelecom.com Web Site: http://www.oriontelecom.comhttp://www.oriontelecom.com

2. Orion Telecom Networks Inc. 2005 Orion Telecom Networks Inc. BASIC THEORY OF OPERATION Slide 2 E1 Redundancy Switch is designed to provide 1+1 redundancy support for two typical E1 links case scenarios: An independent point-to-point E1 link between two "E1 USER PORTS" TWO groups of E1 links connected via a higher order multiplexer link. Since each SWITCH Card supports one E1 link, up to 16 E1 links, can be supported by an E1 Redundancy Switch Shelf. Two Systems are required for implementation of the 1+1 redundancy switch solution. One system must house Switch Cards configured as "MASTER" for connection at one end of the E1 links (say the near end). The other system must house Switch Cards configured as "SLAVE" for connection at the other end of the E1 links (say the far end).

3. Orion Telecom Networks Inc. 2005 FEATURES AND HIGHLIGHTS Orion Telecom Networks Inc. Provides 1+1 E1 redundancy link (active+standby) between any two complementing transmission mediums. Provides 1+1 E1 redundancy support to higher order multiplexers eg. E2,E3. System configuration & management interface through "CLI" text based commands. Transport A-bis Interface or E1’s. Provide 1 + 1 Protection Routing / Path between BSC and BTS. Provide following interfaces at BSC / BTS Over E1 links: i)E1 / A-bis Interface. ii)10BaseT Ethernet Bridge. iii)RS232 Async Serial (for site monitoring). iv)NO / NC Relay / Alarm Extensions (Extend alarms originating on dry relay contacts). Slide 3 Continued..

4. Orion Telecom Networks Inc. 2005 Features continued Optional - 128 ms Echo - Cancellation and VQE features at BSC. Maximize mobile operator service availability and network resiliency through VCL-MegaConnect-Jr. Path - Protection enabled facility These ensure that mission critical voice, data, control and management traffic are properly supported and maintained even during T1 / E1 backhaul facility outages.When the working link fails, the protection link becomes active. During normal Operation, VCL-MegaConnect-Jr sends duplicate traffic across both the working and dedicated protection E1 / T1 facilities while continuously maintaining the performance of both links to determine which link shall be utilized. Through the comprehensive digital access cross-connect and remote management capabilities integrated within VCL-MegaConnect-Jr, backhaul T1 / E1 facilities can be optimally groomed to reduce both Capital Expenditure and improve Network reliability. Orion Telecom Networks Inc. Slide 4 Continued..

5. Orion Telecom Networks Inc. 2005 Orion Telecom Networks Inc. Slide 5 Features continued In the event of a failed or degraded T1 / E1 link, the traffic is automatically transfered from the previously working link to the duplicate protection link in accordance with the pre determined operating parameter programmed by the network operator. During normal Operation, VCL-MegaConnect-Jr APS passes independently traffic across both the working and protection E1 / T1 facilities while continuously maintaining the performance of both links to determine which to utilize for critical traffic Traffic Protection Alternate Facility Advantages Service Differentiation Agreements Increased Network Reliability Resilience Media and Path Diversity Remote Management

6. Orion Telecom Networks Inc. 2005 BENEFITS Customer Relation Competitive Service Level Back-haul Network Technology Migration Orion Telecom Networks Inc. Slide 6

7. Orion Telecom Networks Inc. 2005Slide 7 Orion Telecom Networks Inc. 1) User Programmable 1+1 Protection Parameters: a)Loss of Signal b)Loss of Frame c)Loss of Multi-Frame d)AIS e)Excessive CRC4 Violation 2)Critical Links / Critical Time-Slots

8. Orion Telecom Networks Inc. 2005 Applications Providing 1+1 alternate paths between any two Transmission medium (active+standby). e.g:- Fiber / Fiber. Radio / Fiber. Radio / HDSL Fiber / HDSL etc. Orion Telecom Networks Inc. Slide 8

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15. Orion Telecom Networks Inc. 2005 Thank you for your attention Orion Telecom Networks Inc. For more details visit us at our Web Site at http://www.oriontelecom.com 16810, Avenue of Fountains, Suite # 108, Fountain Hills, AZ 85268, U.S.A. Phone: +1 (480) 816-8672 Fax: +1 (480) 816-0115 E-mail: sales@oriontelecom.com Slide 15