1. Epidemiology of Dementia in Canada: Information from the Canadian Study of Health and Aging

2. Prevalence of Dementia Canada 1991-92 Rate per 1,000 Source: Can Med Assoc J 1994;150:899-913

3. Prevalence of Cognitive Disorder by severity and gender, ages 65+ Cognitively Cog. Dementia normal Impaired Mild Mod.Severe Male %72.6 21.3 2.12.6 1.4 Female %77.1 13.5 2.43.6 3.5 M + F %75.2 16.8 2.33.1 2.6 Source: Lancet 1997;349:1793

4. Prevalence of Cognitive Disorder by severity and age Cognitively Impaired Dementia normal Mild Mod.Severe 65-74 %86.6 11.0 1.00.9 0.5 75-84 %64.7 24.0 3.44.6 3.2 85+ %35.0 30.3 7.2 12.914.6

5. Estimated Numbers of Canadians, 65+, with Dementia, 1991 Source: Can Med Assoc J 1994;150:899-913

6. Projected Prevalence of Dementia (x 1,000) Canada, 1991 - 2031 All Dementias AD Vascular x 2 x 3

7. Age-Specific Incidence of Dementia in Canada, per thousand (whole population) Women Men Source: Neurology 2000; 55: 66-73

8. Annual Numbers of New Cases of Dementia Canada, 1991 65 - 74 85+ 75 - 84 All Ages: 60,150 Source: Neurology 2000; 55: 66-73

9. Probability of Becoming Demented Canada, 1991 Women Men Undemented at age % probability

10. Annual Incidence of Dementia in selected studies, by age, per thousand (whole population) CSHA Rochester Turku Bordeaux Framigham New York Mannheim Rotterdam Kungsholmen

11. Age-Specific Incidence of Alzheimer’s Disease, per thousand CSHA E. Boston Bordeaux Baltimore Lund Framingham Rotterdam

12. Age-Specific Incidence of Alzheimer’s Disease, per thousand Canada

13. CSHA Incidence of Alzheimer’s Disease, per thousand (log scale)

14. Expectation of Life With and Without Dementia: Canadian Women Age Years undemented demented

15. Expectation of Life With and Without Dementia: Canadian Men Age Years undemented demented

16. Age-adjusted Mortality Ratios Mortality Ratio ResidenceCognitive statusWomenMen CommunityNormal1 1 Impaired2.171.95 Demented2.672.84 InstitutionNormal3.062.11 Impaired3.523.09 Demented6.035.02 (reference group) Source: Can. J. Public Health 1997;88:303

17. Progression of Dementia: Survival by Age Category years of survival

18. Net Annual Costs of Dementia, 1991 cost perNo. ofAnnual net Sourcepatient, $patientscost x 1,000$ Community10,100123,9001,250,900 - paid services 4,970123,900 615,200 - unpaid services 5,130123,900 635,700 Institutions19,100114,0002,177,500 Drugs 240252,600 60,600 Hospital 0252,600 0 Diagnosis 250 54,100 13,500 People < 65 yrs 28,100 389,200 Total3,901,500 Source: CanMedAssocJ 1994;151:1457-64

19. Dementia and Functional Ability CommunityInstitutions NormalDemented NormalDemented % % % % Good function 65.8 6.6 7.1 0.0 Mild disability 20.2 14.8 10.8 0.3 Moderate 12.1 30.8 39.5 2.5 Severe 1.3 21.2 27.3 12.3 Total disability 0.6 26.5 15.3 84.9

20. Risk Factors for AD (CSHA-1 Case-Control Study) One or more relatives with AD: O.R. 2.6One or more relatives with AD: O.R. 2.6 0-6 yrs education: O.R. 4.00-6 yrs education: O.R. 4.0 Occupational exposure to glues: O.R. 2.2Occupational exposure to glues: O.R. 2.2 Head injury: O.R. 1.7Head injury: O.R. 1.7 Arthritis: O.R. 0.5Arthritis: O.R. 0.5 Use of NSAID drugs: O.R. 0.5Use of NSAID drugs: O.R. 0.5 Age of onset for smokers 80 yrs; nonsmokers 84 yrs.Age of onset for smokers 80 yrs; nonsmokers 84 yrs. Source: Neurology 1994;44:2073-80

21. Risk Factors for Alzheimer’s Disease (Cohort Study) OR 95% CI Any Apolipoprotein E4 3.3 2.0 – 5.4Any Apolipoprotein E4 3.3 2.0 – 5.4 0-8 yrs. education 1.9 1.3 - 2.90-8 yrs. education 1.9 1.3 - 2.9 Head injury 0.6 0.3 - 1.2Head injury 0.6 0.3 - 1.2 Family history of dementia1. 0 0.6 – 1.8Family history of dementia1. 0 0.6 – 1.8 Depression 2.8 1.3 - 6.1 Depression 2.8 1.3 - 6.1 Smoking 1.04 0.6 - 1.8 Smoking 1.04 0.6 - 1.8

22. Risk Factors for Alzheimer’s Disease (continued) OR 95% CI Vigorous exercise x3 / wk 0.7 0.5 - 1.0Vigorous exercise x3 / wk 0.7 0.5 - 1.0 Use of NSAID drugs 0.7 0.4 – 1.0 Use of NSAID drugs 0.7 0.4 – 1.0 Ulcer 1.8 0.9 - 3.3Ulcer 1.8 0.9 - 3.3 History of hypertension 0.8 0.5 - 1.3History of hypertension 0.8 0.5 - 1.3