1. 20/05/2008 LimitState:GEO launch & technology briefing - ICE London 03/08/2015geo1.0 LimitState:GEO Verification Colin Smith MA(Cantab) PhD Director & LimitState:GEO Product Manager, LimitState Ltd

2. 20/05/2008 LimitState:GEO launch & technology briefing - ICE London Contents Validation of LimitState:GEO results Academic publications Report output Benchmark solutions

3. 20/05/2008 LimitState:GEO launch & technology briefing - ICE London 03/08/2015 geo1.0 Academic publications

4. 20/05/2008 LimitState:GEO launch & technology briefing - ICE London Academic papers Footings on frictional soil Footings on confined layers Smith, C. & Gilbert, M. (2007) Application of discontinuity layout optimization to plane plasticity problems. Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 463(2086), 2461– 2484. Footings on layered soils Modelling of water pressures in DLO Smith, C. C. & Gilbert, M. (2007) New upper bound solutions for layered soil bearing capacity problems using discontinuity layout optimization, 10th Australia New Zealand Conference on Geomechanics, Brisbane, pp. 250–255.

5. 20/05/2008 LimitState:GEO launch & technology briefing - ICE London Academic papers Slope stability analysis Footings on slopes Smith, C. & Gilbert, M. (2008) Limit analysis of the stability of foundations on inclined ground, 2nd BGA International Conference on Foundations, Dundee (accepted). Pipeline bearing capacityLee, Y., Smith, C. & Cheuk, C. Y. (2008) Bearing capacity of embedded foundations, 2nd BGA International Conference on Foundations, Dundee (accepted).

6. 20/05/2008 LimitState:GEO launch & technology briefing - ICE London 03/08/2015 geo1.0 Report output

7. 20/05/2008 LimitState:GEO launch & technology briefing - ICE London Report output Free body diagrams with equilibrium equations facilitate easy verification

8. 20/05/2008 LimitState:GEO launch & technology briefing - ICE London 03/08/2015 geo1.0 Benchmarks

9. 20/05/2008 LimitState:GEO launch & technology briefing - ICE London Benchmarks Failure mechanism (results in terms of collapse load) LimitState: GEO solution BenchmarkVariation Factor on c u or tanφ 5.175.14 0.6% 633607 4.3%0.8% undrained drained c u = 1, weightless Φ = 30º, γ = 20, q = 20

10. 20/05/2008 LimitState:GEO launch & technology briefing - ICE London Benchmarks Failure mechanism (results in terms of collapse load) LimitState: GEO solution BenchmarkVariation Factor on c u or tanφ 3.083.10 -0.6% 0.166 0.0% undrained drained Φ = 30º, γ = 1 c u = 1, γ = 1

11. 20/05/2008 LimitState:GEO launch & technology briefing - ICE London Benchmarks Failure mechanism (results in terms of factor on soil strength) LimitState: GEO solution BenchmarkVariation Factor on c u or tanφ 6.18 6.06 (Taylor) 2.0% 3.53 3.49 (Whitlow) 1.1% undrained drained c u = 1, γ = 1, H =1 c' = 0.15, φ‘ = 40º, γ = 1, H =1

12. 20/05/2008 LimitState:GEO launch & technology briefing - ICE London 03/08/2015 geo1.0 Conclusions

13. 20/05/2008 LimitState:GEO launch & technology briefing - ICE London Conclusions LimitState:GEO results computed using Fine resolution. Accuracy may be improved by increasing resolution further. Typical error in estimated collapse loads = 0 – 5% For frictional soils, it is better to consider error in input parameters Typical error in input parameters (c u or tanφ) = 0 – 2%