1. Music Technology Genres Revision

2. Jazz Funk Musical FeaturesTechnical FeaturesExamples/Artists Repeated Ostinato Syncopation Possible Improvisation Groove Strong back beat Bass Guitar Hammond Organ Electric Guitar Chorus FX on electric piano Chorus and distortion FX on electric guitar Shaft Shaktak Cedar Watson

3. Soul/R’n’B Musical FeaturesTechnical FeaturesExamples Rhythmic riff-based bass lines Short songs with simple structures Sycopated Catchy rhythms Strong vocals Call & response between vocals and instruments improvisation Live recording of full band High quality equipment used and recordings professional Aretha Franklin James Brown Otis Reading Marvin Gaye

4. New Wave Musical FeaturesTechnical FeaturesExamples Punk influences Clever pop songs High pitched vocals Fast rhythmic guitar Synthesisers 80s effects used Electronic production techniques Blondie Elvis Costello The Vapours Eurythmics

5. Indie Musical FeaturesTechnical FeaturesExamples Guitar as main harmony instrument Bass guitar Understated vocals Guitar amps and effects Delay FX common Low budget recordings Oasis Franz Ferdinand The Killers The Verve Nirvana The Stone Roses Belle & Sebastion Two door cinema club

6. Electroacoustic Musical FeaturesTechnical FeaturesExamples Lack of definite tonality - atonal Mixutre of natural and processed sounds Irregular time signature or absence of time signature Use of live recording as samples Multitrack recording Use of reel to reel recorder Pierre Schaeffer John Cage Michael Oliva Music Concrete – Atonal, recording and manipulation of different sounds.

7. 20 th /21 st Century Classical Musical FeaturesTechnical FeaturesExamples Whole tone scale (impressionism) Chromaticism Cross rhythms Irregular time signatures Variety of tone colours and timbres Clusters Live recording of orchestras Studio recording of orchestras Minimal use of effects Debussy Stravinsky Gershwin Bartok Impressionism – music that is vague/shimmery/dreamy – use of whole tone scale.

8. Reggae Musical FeaturesTechnical FeaturesExamples Drums emphasis on beat 3 Off beat guitar Simple repeated chord patterns Vocals Keyboards May have steel drums Bass heavy mix Piano/guitar low EQ cut Reverb used to add space to mix Bob Marley Peter Tosh Desmond Dekker

9. World Music Musical FeaturesTechnical FeaturesExamples Use of ethnic insturments Use of traditional stories as basis for lyrics Non-western scales Latin American & Trad African is very rhythmic with lots of percussion, syncopation, cross rhythms etc. High quality recordings Basis on loops/samples used in commercial music production Live recordings Indian Classical Music Electronic Japanese Music Moroccan Pop African Pop Salsa – Pop Traditional Samba

10. Music Concepts Melody/ Harmony Rhythm/ Tempo Texture/Structure/ Form Timbre/ Dynamics Atonal Cluster Inverted pedal Chromatic Whole tone scale Glissando Modulation Countermelody Pitch bend Tone/semitone Ritardando (rit) Cross rhythms Strophic Walking bass Homophonic Polyphonic Coda Bridge/link passage Instrumental break Arco Pizzicato Rolls Voices — mezzo soprano, baritone Relative major/minor Interval Inversion Time changes Irregular time signatures Through-composed Harmonics Accents Staccato marks Phrase marks

11. Exam Style Questions Example of Question type 5 This question features three excerpts of music from the same genre. Musical Example – 0.00 – 0.30 a) Listen to this excerpt and identify two terms from the list below which describe what you hear. The excerpt will be played twice. World MusicNew Wave20th & 21st Century Classical Cross RhythmsAtonalHarmonicsThrough-Composed

12. Exam Style Questions 0 Listen to this excerpt, and follow the clarinet part printed below. Do not attempt to write during this first playing. 0 There are articulation marks missing from the printed music. You will hear the excerpt a further twice and you should name a type of articulation mark which is missing from the printed music. Here is the music for the first time. Here is the music for the second time.