1. Anatomy of the Knee

2. Bones of the Knee The fibula is not considered part of the knee joint.
Consists of 3 Bones:
Distal Part of the Femur
Proximal Tibia
Patella
The fibula is not considered part of the knee joint.

3. Bones of the Knee

4. Bones of the Knee

5. Joints of the knee The knee joint is the Largest joint in the body
Tibiofemoral Joint
Patellofemoral Joint
The Proximal Tibiofibular joint is not considered to be part of the knee joint.

6. Ligaments of the Knee Anterior Cruciate Ligament
Posterior Cruciate Ligament
Lateral Collateral Ligament
Medial Collateral Ligament

7. Ligaments of the Knee (Anterior View)

8. The Meniscus 2 Fibrocartilage Discs:
Medial and Lateral Meniscus
Attached to the Tibial Plateaus and Joint Capsule
Functions:
Distribute Joint Pressure
Add Stability
Shock Absorption
Lubrication

9. The Meniscus

10. Total Knee (Posterior View)

11. Muscles of the Knee Anterior Muscles: The Quadriceps: Sartorius
Rectus Femoris (two joint muscle)
Vastus Medialis
Vastus Intermedius
Vastus Lateralis
Sartorius

13. Muscles of the Knee Posterior: Hamstrings: Gracilus Popliteus
Biceps Femoris
Semitendinosus
Semimembranosus
Gracilus
Popliteus
Gastrocnemius

15. Muscles of the Knee OIA chart

16. Muscles of the Knee OIA chart

17. Bursa of the Knee

18. ROM of the Knee Tibiofemoral joint: Knee Flexed:
Flexion and Extension: degrees
Knee Flexed:
Internal Rotation: 30 degrees
External Rotation: 45 degrees
“Screwing Home” Mechanism
During the final few degrees of knee extension the tibia externally rotates on the femur, which brings the knee into its closed packed position

19. ROM of the Knee

20. Alignments of the Knee Q-angle Normal Ranges:
The angle of formed by the line connecting the ASIS to the center of the patella and the line connecting the center of the patella and the tibial tuberosity
Determines the line of pull of the patella at the patellofemoral joint
Normal Ranges:
18 degrees female
13 degrees male
Q-angle below normal: Genu Varum (bow-legged)
Q-angle above normal: Genu Valgum (knock Kneed)

21. Alignments of the Knee