1. 7.2 Spanish-American War

2. Spain’s Empire in 1800’s: Cuba, Philippines, and Guam

3. Cuba’s Independence
Cuba was a colony of Spain and was mounting a uprising or war for independence.
General Wehyler of Spain put down the uprising
300,000 Cubans go into concentration camps as punishment
Rural people had 8 days to move into fortified cities or be shot
400,000 died
This simply inspired the Cubans even more to fight for independence

4. Cuban Insurgence

8. Cuba’s Independence
The U.S. was VERY interested in the uprising because of the money invested in Cuban railroads and various plantations.
These American investments were getting destroyed by Spanish soldiers.
Over 200,000 Spanish troops were sent to Cuba to put down the rebellion.
The Spanish general in charge was Valeriano Weyler.
He quickly earned the nickname “The Butcher” because of his harsh treatment and policies.

9. American Involvement and Yellow Journalism
The United States was unofficially neutral in the start of the conflict.
The New York Journal and the New York World were spreading lies and half truths about the Cuban war for independence.
What led to most Americans supporting the Cuban rebels was the yellow journalism.

10. Yellow Journalism
A type of journalism that distorts and exaggerates the news to create sensations and attract readers
William Randolph Hearst vs Joseph Pulitzer.
New York Journal New York World

12. “You furnish the pictures, I’ll furnish the war.”
William Randolph Hearst

15. “Yellow Journalists” Newspaper created highly exaggerated stories
What?
Newspaper created highly exaggerated stories
Why?
Make more $ if they keep you scared and interested
How did it lead to war?
Made Americans want war!

17. Characteristics of Yellow Journalism
Headlines in HUGE PRINT, often of minor news
Many pictures, or imaginary drawings
use of faked interviews, misleading headlines, and false information from so-called experts
dramatic sympathy with the "underdog" against the system.
Emotional words and symbols; scare tactics

18. Does Yellow
Journalism
Still Exist?

19. America gets involved
President McKinley did not want to involve the U.S. in any war with Spain.
McKinley sent the U.S. battleship Maine to Havana if any American citizens were harmed.
February 15th 1898 the Maine went down in the harbor of Havana Cuba.
This would trigger the Spanish American War.
266 of the 354 crew died.
When the Maine was attacked, this signaled war for the U.S.

20. U.S.S. Maine

23. 1.What is most noticeable about the example?
2. How is this media making people feel?
3. How would this influence or change peoples mind?

27. The Spanish Perspective

28. Spanish American War
On April 23rd, 1898 Spain declared war on the United States.
The U.S. had a better Navy plus better trained soldiers than the Spanish forces.
On June 14th, 1898 about 17,000 troops landed in Cuba.
The one thing America did not do was train troops fast enough. Many troops got sick in the summer heat waiting for deployment.

30. Around the Same Time In the Pacific Ocean
Admiral Dewey attacks a Spanish fleet at Manila Bay in the Philippines
Taking the Philippines by land we tell the locals we are there to liberate them from the Spanish
Dewey travels to Hong Kong to get Emilio Aguinaldo, and leader of the Phillipino independence movement

31. Fighting the Spanish on Opposite Ends of the Earth
War on two fronts

32. Spanish American War
The Rough Riders were a group of soldiers that helped to capture San Juan Hill which ultimately led to the end of the war.
The commander was Theodore “Teddy” Roosevelt.
On December 10th, 1898, the U.S. and Spain signed the Treaty of Paris.
This allowed Cuba to become an independent country.
The U.S. also gained Spanish territories of Puerto Rico and Guam.
The U.S. also agreed to pay $20 million for the Philippines.

35. Charge of the Rough Riders up San Juan Hill

40. African American soldiers at San Juan Hill

42. Effects of the Spanish American War
US becomes an Imperialist Power
Guam, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines become colonies of the US (we pay 20 million)
Cuba gains its independence from Spain, but becomes a US Protectorate
US will “protect” and partially control Cuba
Philippine rebels wanting independence declare war on US
War with the Philippines begins!

43. The Water Cure "His sufferings must be that of a man who is drowning, but cannot drown." -Lt. Grover Flint, Philippine-American War.

49. “Civilization begins at home”

53. ROOSEVELT’S ARGUEMENTS IN THE 1900 ELECTION CAMPAIGN:
-- The Philippines are US territory. Can the US give up its own territory?
-- If whites were “morally bound to abandon the Philippines, we were also morally bound to abandon Arizona to the Apaches.”
-- “The barbarian will only yield to force.”

54. Anti-Imperialist League
Andrew Carnegie
Mark Twain