1. Living Things Grow and Change
Chapter 1
Living Things Grow and Change

2. Living Things and Their Needs
Living things grow, respond, and reproduce
Reproduce – make more of one’s own kind.
Living things are called organisms.
Living things need food, water, gases, and space.
Living things get what they need from the environment.
Environment – all the living and nonliving things that surround an organism.
Living things are made of many small parts called cells.
Cells – the building blocks of life.

3. Living and Nonliving
Living Things
Nonliving Things

4. Plant Life Cycles Seed – a structure that can grow into a new plant.
Embryo – the young plant that is just beginning to grow.
Step 1: A seed is planted in the soil.
Step 2: The seed germinates. Roots start growing down into the soil.
Step 3: The roots grow longer, and a stem pushes up out of the ground.
Step 4: The plant grows leaves. It starts to make its own food.
Step 5: The plant grows into an adult. It can reproduce and make new seeds.

5. Plant Life Cycles
Flower (Cone) – the plant structure that makes seeds.
Pollination – the movement of pollen from the male part of the flower to the female part.
Fruit – a structure that holds seeds.
Life Cycle – the stages in an organisms life.

6. Life Cycle When a seed is planted it germinates (begins to grow)
The seed grows into a small plant called a seedling
The seedling grows into an adult plant which reproduces by making new seeds
The new seeds travel to the soil to start the process again
Flowering Plants – make seeds inside of flowers.
Example: Cherry Tree
Conifers – make seeds inside of cones.
Example: Pine Tree

7. Parts of a Plant
Flower
leaves
Stem
Roots

8. Basic Animal Life Cycle
An animal is born
It grows
It reproduces as an adult
In time it dies
Body breaks down and becomes part of the soil

9. Animal Life Cycles Different animals change in different ways.
Some are born looking like their parents and others are not.
The way an animal changes with age is part of its life cycle.

10. Amphibians and Most Insects
Go through a metamorphosis
A series of changes in which an organism’s body changes forms.
Life Cycle begins as an egg

12. Reptiles, Fish, and Birds
Most lay eggs
Animal grows inside the egg
When it hatches it looks like the adults
Grows into an adult and reproduces

14. Mammals Born live Look much like parents from the start
Grow into an adult and reproduce

15. Food Chains
Food chain – shows how energy passes from one organism to another.
Producer – organism that makes its own food.
First in a food chain
Example – green plants & algae
Consumer – organism that eats other organisms.
All animals
One food chain may have many
Decomposer – an animal that breaks down dead plant and animal material. (FBI)
Fungus, bacteria, and invertebrate

17. Food Web Several connecting food chains
Herbivores – organisms that eat mostly plants
Carnivores – organisms that eat mostly other animals
Omnivores – organisms that eat both plants and animals

19. Habitats
Habitat – the type of environment a living thing needs in order to survive
Climate – the pattern of weather in a place over a long time
There are many different kinds of habitats

20. Structures
Plants and animals have structures that help them get the things they need from their environment
Structure – a part of a living thing
Plants – roots, stems, leaves, etc.
Animals – legs, wings, beaks, etc.

21. Adaptations
Organisms must live in a habitat that provides their needs.
Adaptations help living things survive in an environment
Adaptation – a special feature or behavior that helps a living thing survive.