1. SOUTH ASIA II
(CHAPTER 8: )

2. KEY CONCEPTS APPLICABLE TO THE REALM
CENTRIPETAL - CENTRIFUGAL FORCES
FORWARD CAPITAL
ISLAMABAD
IRREDENTISM
PATHANS (OR PASHTUNS) OF PAKISTAN RELATED TO PEOPLES OF CENTRAL AFGHANISTAN
FEDERAL SYSTEM
ADOPTED BY INDIA IN 1947
PROVIDES REGIONS AND PEOPLES WITH SOME AUTONOMY AND IDENTITY

3. PAKISTAN (AT PARTITION)
India
West Pakistan
East Pakistan

4. P A K I S T N

5. PAKISTAN ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF PAKISTAN POPULATION OF 149.6 MILLION
80% SUNNI MUSLIMS; 16% SHIA MINORITY
SUBREGIONS:
PUNJAB
SIND
BALUCHISTAN
NORTH WEST FRONTIER

6. ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT (PAKISTAN)
33% URBANIZED
LOW INCOME ECONOMY
ECONOMIC LIBERALIZATION BEGAN IN 1990 TO BOOST FOREIGN AND DOMESTIC PRIVATE INVESTMENT.
COTTON-BASED TEXTILE INDUSTRY AND RICE
SUPPORTS A LARGE MILITARY ESTABLISHMENT (EMERGING REGIONAL POWER)

7. KASHMIR INDEPENDENCE & PARTITION 1947 – PAKISTANI TRIBESMEN INVADE
JAMMU & KASHMIR FACED WITH THE CHOICE OF JOINING EITHER HINDU INDIA OR MUSLIM PAKISTAN
KASHMIR – HINDU MAHARAJA BUT MUSLIM POPULATION
1947 – PAKISTANI TRIBESMEN INVADE
MAHARAJA FLEES TO DELHI AND ACCEDES TO INDIA
INDIAN TROOPS DEPLOY – PAKISTANI REGULARS JOIN IN THE FIGHT
JANUARY 1949 – U.N. CEASE FIRE
MUSLIM EXTREMISTS CONTINUE INSURGENCY

8. INDIA

9. INDIA ENCOMPASSES 3/4s OF SOUTH ASIA’S TOTAL AREA
A FEDERATION OF 28 STATES, 6 UTs, AND 1 NCT
POPULATION OF BILLION PEOPLE
28% URBANIZED
14 MAJOR AND NUMEROUS MINOR LANGUAGES (LINGUA FRANCA?)
CENTRIPETAL VS CENTRIFUGAL FORCES?

10. ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT (INDIA)
GDP OF $450 PER PERSON
38% LIVE BELOW THE POVERTY LINE
A MIXTURE OF TRADITIONAL VILLAGE FARMING AND MODERN AGRICULTURE
HANDICRAFTS, OLD AND NEW BRANCHES OF INDUSTRY
MULTITUDE OF SUPPORT SERVICES AND NUCLEAR POWER
CLOTHING INDUSTRY

11. E. J. PALKA
E. J. PALKA
E. J. PALKA

12. GREEN REVOLUTION
THE SUCCESSFUL DEVELOPMENT OF HIGHER YIELD, FAST-GROWING VARIETIES OF RICE AND OTHER CEREALS IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH PROGRAM-1960s
FOCUSED ON THE FOOD CRISES
INCREASED PRODUCTION PER UNIT AREA VIA:
MIRACLE CROPS
NEW IRRIGATION SYSTEMS
INTENSIVE USE OF FERTILIZERS

13. INDIA’S GREAT CITIES MUMBAI (BOMBAY)- 18.3 MILLION
ACHIEVED “PRIMACY” BASED ON ITS SITUATION (SUEZ CANAL)
KOLKATA (CALCUTTA) MILLION
500,000 HOMELESS
FORMER BRITISH COLONIAL CAPITAL- 1772
ADVERSELY AFFECTED BY PARTITION
DELHI (NEW AND OLD) MILLION
BRITISH AND INDIAN SEAT OF GOVERNMENT

14. DELHI
MUMBAI
KOLKATA

16. BANGLADESH

17. BANGLADESH INDEPENDENT SINCE 1971 FORMERLY EAST PAKISTAN
85% MUSLIM, 12% HINDU
139.5 MILLION PEOPLE
PHYSIOLOGIC DENSITY = 3,800/sq mi
2.2% ANNUAL GROWTH RATE
PER CAPITA GNP = 350 US DOLLARS
NATURAL HAZARDS - CYCLONES

18. ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT (BANGLADESH)
LOW LEVELS OF DEVELOPMENT (TECHNOLOGY)
ONE OF THE WORLD’S POOREST AND LEAST DEVELOPED STATES
ECONOMY IS OVERWHELMINGLY AGRICULTURAL
CULTIVATION OF RICE IS THE SINGLE MOST IMPORTANT ACTIVITY IN THE ECONOMY.

19. THE MOUNTAINOUS NORTH

20. THE SOUTHERN ISLANDS MALDIVES SRI LANKA >1,000 ISLANDS
<115 SQ MI / 300 SQ KMS
POPULATION OF 300,000
DRAVIDIAN AND SRI LANKA SOURCES
OVERWHELMINGLY MUSLIM
HIGHEST GNP IN THE REALM
SRI LANKA
FORMERLY CEYLON
INDEPENDENT SINCE 1948

21. SRI LANKA 19.7 MILLION PEOPLE (70% BUDDHISTS) PLANTATION AGRICULTURE:
TEA, RUBBER, COCONUTS
SOUTH (MAJORITY OF POPULATION)
ARYAN
BUDDHISTS
SPEAK SINHALA (INDO-EUROPEAN)
NORTH (18% OF THE POPULATION)
DRAVIDIAN
HINDU
TAMIL LANGUAGE

22. E. J. PALKA
E. J. PALKA
E. J. PALKA

23. E. J. PALKA
E. J. PALKA

24. SRI LANKA SINHALESE vs TAMILS TAMILS DEMANDED EQUAL RIGHTS:
-- EDUCATION
-- EMPLOYMENT
-- LAND OWNERSHIP
-- LANGUAGE AND POLITICS
INSURGENT STATE
LTTE – LIBERATION TIGERS OF TAMIL EELAM

25. SOUTH ASIA II
(CHAPTER 8: )