1. The Crusades: An Islamic Perspective

2. The Crusades: An Islamic Perspective
I. Origins and Spread of Islam

4. Jesus on a donkey beside the prophet Muhammad on a camel
(From medieval manuscript of the Universal History by Rashid al-Din)

5. Expansion of Islam

6. Mosaic facade of the Umayyad palace in Damascus
(Islamic civilization incorporating some aspects of classical tradition)

7. The Great Mosque
of Damascus in Syria

8. The Crusades: An Islamic Perspective
I. Origins and Spread of Islam
A. Aspects of Early Islamic Civilization

9. An Arabic manuscript of Galen

10. The Crusades: An Islamic Perspective
I. Origins and Spread of Islam
A. Aspects of Early Islamic Civilization
II. Islamic Society before the Crusades

11. The Crusades: An Islamic Perspective
I. Origins and Spread of Islam
A. Aspects of Early Islamic Civilization
II. Islamic Society before the Crusades
A. Arrival of the Seljuks

13. The Crusades: An Islamic Perspective
I. Origins and Spread of Islam
A. Aspects of Early Islamic Civilization
II. Islamic Society before the Crusades
A. Arrival of the Seljuks
III. The Islamic Counter-Attack

14. The Crusades: An Islamic Perspective
I. Origins and Spread of Islam
A. Aspects of Early Islamic Civilization
II. Islamic Society before the Crusades
A. Arrival of the Seljuks
III. The Islamic Counter-Attack
A. Vulnerability of the Crusader States

16. The Crusades: An Islamic Perspective
I. Origins and Spread of Islam
A. Aspects of Early Islamic Civilization
II. Islamic Society before the Crusades
A. Arrival of the Seljuks
III. The Islamic Counter-Attack
A. Vulnerability of the Crusader States
B. The Era of Zangi

17. The Crusades: An Islamic Perspective
I. Origins and Spread of Islam
A. Aspects of Early Islamic Civilization
II. Islamic Society before the Crusades
A. Arrival of the Seljuks
III. The Islamic Counter-Attack
A. Vulnerability of the Crusader States
B. The Era of Zangi
C. The Era of Saladin

19. The Crusades: An Islamic Perspective
I. Origins and Spread of Islam
A. Aspects of Early Islamic Civilization
II. Islamic Society before the Crusades
A. Arrival of the Seljuks
III. The Islamic Counter-Attack
A. Vulnerability of the Crusader States
B. The Era of Zangi
C. The Era of Saladin
D. The Era of the Mamluks

21. The Crusades: An Islamic Perspective
I. Origins and Spread of Islam
A. Aspects of Early Islamic Civilization
II. Islamic Society before the Crusades
A. Arrival of the Seljuks
III. The Islamic Counter-Attack
A. Vulnerability of the Crusader States
B. The Era of Zangi
C. The Era of Saladin
D. The Era of the Mamluks
IV. The Legacy of the Crusades

22. “On the top of Solomon’s Temple, to which they had climbed in fleeing, many were shot to death with arrows and cast down headlong from the roof. Within this temple, about ten thousand were beheaded. If you had been there, your feet would have been stained up to the ankles with the blood of the slain. What more shall I tell? Not one of them was allowed to live. They did not spare the women and children.”
- Fulcher of Chartres

23. Richard III executes prisoners at Acre

25. The Crusades: An Islamic Perspective
I. Origins and Spread of Islam
A. Aspects of Early Islamic Civilization
II. Islamic Society before the Crusades
A. Arrival of the Seljuks
III. The Islamic Counter-Attack
A. Vulnerability of the Crusader States
B. The Era of Zangi
C. The Era of Saladin
D. The Era of the Mamluks
IV. The Legacy of the Crusades