1. Forensics CHS McNiff

3. Vocabulary CRIME SCENE: Any physical location in which a crime has occurred or is suspected of having occurred. PRIMARY CRIME SCENE: The original location of a crime or accident. SECONDARY CRIME SCENE: An alternate location where additional evidence may be found.

4. Vocabulary SUSPECT: Person thought to be capable of committing a crime. ACCOMPLICE: Person associated with someone suspected of committing a crime. ALIBI: Statement of where a suspect was at the time of a crime.

5. Processing Versus Analysis Crime scene investigations have two aspects: processing & analysis Processing follows a series of standards steps

6. Processing Versus Analysis Analysis depends on: detailed observation, proper processing, making logical connections, laboratory analysis, analysis of scene patterns, and integrating all the data available Crime scene analysis follows the steps of the Scientific method

7. Types of Scenes Two major categories of criminal activities having crime scenes: property crimes (larceny, burglary, auto theft) crimes against persons (assault, battery, sexual assault, robbery, murder)

8. Types of Scenes The nature of the scene will affect the way it is handled: indoor or outdoor public or private property

9. Initial Actions & Scene Security Initial actions of the first responders include: Rendering aid and assistance to the victim Arresting any suspects Detaining any witnesses Noting initial scene conditions Securing the scene

10. Initial Actions & Scene Security Crime scene security is needed to preserve the integrity of the scene Once the exigent emergency situation is resolved, subsequent actions at the scene will require a warrant Duties and Responsibilities of the First Responders at the Crime Scene

11. Secure & Isolate the Crime Scene First priority is medical assistance to individuals & arresting the perpetrator. Ropes or barricades and guards will prevent unauthorized access to the area. Every person who enters the crime scene has the potential to destroy physical evidence.

12. Secure & Isolate the Crime Scene The lead investigator evaluates the scene & determines the boundaries. They do an initial walk through & develop a strategy. All items must be documented & photographed.

13. Steps in Scene Processing & Analysis Scene Survey & Evidence Recognition Scene Searches Documentation Evidence Collection & Preservation Release of the Scene

14. Scene Survey & Evidence Recognition A scene survey is an initial walk- through to establish the type of scene, note any transient evidence, and recognize any potential physical evidence Transient evidence is evidence that is easily destroyed or compromised

15. Scene Survey & Evidence Recognition Evidence recognition is the determination of which physical evidence is relevant to the case as opposed to being part of the background

16. Types of Evidence Transient Evidence Odor, Temperature, Imprints and indentations, Markings, Vapor Pattern Evidence Direct Contact: Person/Object, Object/Object

17. Types of Evidence Conditional Evidence Light, Smoke, Fire, Location, Vehicle Status, Body Status Transfer Evidence Classification, Physical Evidence

18. Fundamentals for the Scene Secure Aid for victim, apprehension of suspect, integrity Search Recognition/Identification: Critical, Supporting, Superficial

19. Systematic Search

20. Fundamentals for the Scene Record Several Ways Reconstruction How does it all fit together

21. Photography The crime scene should be unaltered, unless injured people are involved, objects must not be moved until they have been photographed from all necessary angles. If things are removed, added, or positions changed the photographs may not be admissible evidence.

22. Photography Photograph completely Area where crime took place & adjacent areas

23. Photography Various angles if crime scene includes a body: Take photos to show body’s location & position relative to the whole crime scene Take close-up photos of injuries & weapons lying near the body After the body is removed, photograph the surface underneath.

25. Photography When size is significant, use a ruler or other measuring scale Digital cameras allow for enhancement & examination in fine detail. Videotaping a scene is also becoming popular.

27. Sketches Once photos are taken, sketch the scene.

28. Sketches A rough sketch is a sketch, drawn at the crime scene, that contains an accurate depiction of the dimensions of the scene & shows the location of all objects having a bearing on the case. All measurements are made with a tape measure Show all items of physical evidence Assign each item a number or letter and list it in the legend Show a compass heading designating north

29. Rough-sketch diagram of a crime scene. Courtesy Sirchie Finger Print Laboratories, Inc., Youngsville, N.C., www.sirchie.com. www.sirchie.com

30. Sketches A finished sketch is a precise rendering of the crime scene, usually drawn to scale. Computer-aided drafting (CAD) has become the standard.

31. Finished-sketch diagram of a crime scene. Courtesy Sirchie Finger Print Laboratories, Inc., Youngsville, N.C., www.sirchie.com. www.sirchie.com

32. Notes Note taking must be a constant activity throughout the processing of the crime scene. The notes may be the only source of information to refresh memory. Tape-recording notes at a scene can be advantageous – detailed notes can be taped much faster than they can be written.

33. Dealing with Physical Evidence A forensic scientist is not usually needed at the scene unless the evidence is complex or it is a major crime. Some police agencies have trained field evidence technicians.

34. Searching the Crime Scene One person should supervise & coordinate. Include all probable entry & exit points in search

35. Searching the Crime Scene What to search for will be determined by the particular circumstances of the crime. Examples o Homicide o Hit-and-run In most crimes, a search for latent fingerprints is required. Ypsilanti Township, MI are looking for a burgundy vehicle in connection with a hit- and-run accident that critically injured an 11 year-old boy

36. Collect Physical Evidence Physical evidence can be anything from massive objects to microscopic traces. It may be necessary to take custody of all clothing worn by the participants in a crime. Handle carefully & wrap separately to avoid loss of trace evidence.

37. Collect Physical Evidence Critical areas of the crime scene should be vacuumed & the sweepings submitted to the lab for analysis. Mobile crime-scene vehicles carry supplies to protect the crime scene; photo, collect, & package evidence; & develop latent fingerprints.

38. Collect Physical Evidence The integrity of evidence is best maintained when the item is kept in its original condition as found at the crime scene. The entire object should be sent to the lab. If evidence is found adhering to a large structure, remove specimen with forceps or other appropriate tool.

39. Collect Physical Evidence In the case of a bloodstain, one may either scrape the stain off the surface, transfer the stain to a moistened swab, or cut out the area of the object containing the stain.

40. Collect Physical Evidence Each different item or similar items collected at different locations must be placed in separate containers. Packaging evidence separately prevents damage through contact and prevents cross-contamination.

41. Mock Crime Scene: http://www.masss.govhttp://www.masss.gov What evidence would you collect?

42. Refrences http://www3.sc.maricopa.edu/ajs/crime_scene_technician.htm Bilous, Peter. Introduction to Forensic Science and Criminalistics. Washington: Eastern Washington Univesity, 5 May 2002. PPT

43. Pics http://www.florida-criminal-lawyer-blog.com/2009/09/property_crime_up_in_broward_c.html http://www.citylinks.org.uk/Images/content/84/163229.jpg Bug pic http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_6QSuOepyXPE/SlJutRXLJII/AAAAAAAADPg/PEpeaUgkuyo/s400/lubber.JPG http://thedebodeq.webs.com/apps/blog/show/prev?from_id=5880111 http://www.csialliance.org/the-basic-steps-to-become-crime-scene-investigator-career/ http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://wc1.smartdraw.com/examples/content/Examples/10_Legal/Crime _Scene_Investigation/Crime_Scene_-_Public_Restroom_ http://www.newsday.com/long-island/suffolk/victim-s-family-asks-public-for-help-catching-killer- 1.2100728 http://emt-salary.org/emt-jobs-what-you-must-know/ http://thisblogsuckssorry.blogspot.com/2011/03/things-id-rather-do-than-watch-prince.html http://mmocker.com/2009/08/web-loot-hit-and-run-fail/ Ypsilanti Township, MI are looking for a burgundy vehicle in connection with a hit-and-run accident that critically injured an 11 year-old boy