1. GPON FTTH MARKETING AND TECHNOLOGY
Antony Pius KG
S7, ECE
Govt. Engg. College, Wayanad

2. Introduction
Gigabit PON is an attractive FTTH broadband access network technology because it meets theneeds of carriers world-wide.
GE-PON (EPON) has successfully demonstrated this approach and is
being deployed in high volume in Asia.
while the GPON standard will provide similar capabilities for carriers in North America.
It includes all of the ingredients for market success –a consumer base that is eager to adopt a much faster and more comprehensive set of high-speed
services,
a set of features ready to offer those services and an infrastructure of silicon, and system vendors that are capable of developing and deploying gigabit PON technology.

3. These include a long-term life expectancy of the fiber infrastructure,
COMPARISON OF PON WITH OTHER BROAD BAND ACCESS TECHOLOGIES (DSL,VDSL, cable/modem)
ADVANTAGES
These include a long-term life expectancy of the fiber infrastructure,
lower operating costs through the reduction of “active components, support for greater distances between equipment nodes
most importantly, much greater bandwidth.
DSL-certain megabits per sec, FTTH pon 1 to 2.5Gbps

4. Since Pon uses only passive components
it has low power requirements
less no of technicians
cost savings up 40 t0 60%
Savings mainly result from lower customer contacts associated with service orders and trouble reporting, outside plant operations, central office operations, and network operations.
It provides high bandwidth for high-speed Internet access, video on demand,IPTV and voice over IP (VoIP) .

5. PON A SIMPLE VIEW
In a PON system, a single fiber connects multiple customers toa single transceiver at the central office (CO).
The single fiber is split, using a passive optical splitter, to serve up to 32customers.
Not only does PON reduce the amount of fiber required, but a single transceiver serves multiple customers instead of requiring one per customer.

6. PON Network Splits Single Fiber Link Into Individual Links to Subscribers

7. The FTTH Access Network – OLTs In The Central Office, ONUs in CPEs

8. The main components of a PON network are an
Optical Line Terminal/Termination (OLT) unit,
a passive optical splitter,
and one or more Optical Network Units (ONUs) or Optical Network Termination (ONT) units.
The OLT is connected to the ONU or ONT via a Passive Optical Network (PON) that is made up of fibre cables, splitters and other passive components

9. OPTICAL SPLITTERS
These devices split incoming light and distribute the light among multiple fibres, or in the reverse direction combine multiple light streams onto a single fibre.
Optical splitters are classified as passive because there are no active electrical components.
This means that the device is not sensitive to temperature or other elements that would be problematic for electrical componentry.
The optical splitter can be seen as a optical junction box. One side of the box is the fibre that connects to the telco exchange (OLT), and on the other side are up to 64 fibres, each of which connect to a customer premise

10. ONT/ONU(optical network termination/optical network unit)
Optical Network Termination units (ONTs) provide the opto-electrical conversion - allowing information to transit from an optical fibre framework to an electrical metallic framework.
ONTs can be thought of as the demarcation point where the carrier network ends and the customer network begins. From a physical perspective the carrier fibre connects to one end of the device, and a customer cable on other end
ONUS terminate the optical stream, and convert the signal into electrical format for transmission to the customer premise
ONUs would tend to be located in weather reinforced street/pole cabinets, and ONTs would be located at customer premises

11. OLT
OLTs can be located in a number of places, but would tend to reside in telco exchanges
The PON architecture therefore allows a single fibre starting at the OLT (telco exchange) to be passively split (shared) by up to 64 customers

12. DATA SPLITTING IN THE PON NETWORK
One side of the box is the fibre that connects to the telco exchange (OLT), and on the other side are up to 64 fibres, each of which connect to a customer premise.
The sharing takes place on the fibre which connects to the OLT, whereas the fibres that connect to the customer premises have dedicated bandwidth.
The actual bandwidth allocated to each customer would depend on two technical factors:
1) the capacity of the link from the OLT to the splitter, and
2) the number of customers connected to the splitter (eg. up to 64). With a 10 Gbps OLT-splitter capacity, and 64 customers, it is conceivable that each customer could have up to 155 Mbps dedicated capacity. Of course, in the real world, carrier pricing would also have an impact

13. Fibre sharing can be accomplished along frequency, time, space and code dimensions
Most commonly used optically signaling formats are techniques are WDM/WDMA (Wavelength Division Multiplexing /wavelength division multiplexing access) and TDM/TDMA.
With WDM/WDMA, multiple streams are transmitted over distinct wavelengths at the same time.
With TDM/TDMA, transmissions proceed in a time sequenced manner - similar to leased line networks.

14. Comparison of DSL, Cable and FTTH Technology Bandwidth

15. HOW PON WORKS
An eg: of giga pon architecture my a company is analysed
The Giga PASS approach encompasses three technology platforms,
the PON network interface and processing,
IP and Ethernet packet processing and an SoC architecture that supports a 32-bit RISC processor with Linux and VxWorks operating systems,
middleware, and application specific firmware.
This architecture is capable of supporting both GE-PON and GPON data
Data rates ranging from 1 to 2.5 Gbps at wire speed and provides a flexible, programmable and upgradeable device architecture well suited for future-proofing the access network.

16. The GigaPASS™ Architecture Provides Wire Speed Access at Gbps Speeds

17. A critical aspect of the GigaPASS architecture is that the data path is separate from the controlpath processor system.
The media interface, queuing, packet processing, classification,encryption/decryption and other data payload processing is done in the wire-speed channel.
passing data through to the Ethernet media interface on the customer side and the PON
network on the central office side.

18. PON networking is a full duplex, point to
multipoint networking technology that uses
inexpensive optical splitters to divide a single fiber coming from the backbone of the enterpriseor metro network into separate strands feeding individual subscribers in the access network.

19. FUTURE OF FTTH
Carriers cannot easily predict what applications will be critical for consumers and business users in five years but an important part of the appeal of FTTH accessnetworks is that they will provide ample bandwidth for 5, 10 and even 20 years or more.
Instead of a limited hardware solution, the GigaPASS architecture supports reprogramming of functionality so thatcarriers can fine-tune the OLT/ONU for specific subscriber services today, and can redefine performance parameters to support future applications.
An example of this is support for Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation or DBA.
Programmable DBA is defined in the GPON specification and calls for the ability to provide different bandwidth priorities to subscribers so that different application service requirements can be supported.
For example, it may be critical for high-definition IP TV to have priority download of a time-sequenced video frame and not so critical for a user accessing . All GPON suppliers must have programmable DBA.