1. Step-by-Step Guide on Risk Management For Metalworking Sector

2. Legends Objectives Risk Management Regulations Overview of Risk Management Roles and Responsibilities Risk Management Process References Contents Note: Please click ( ) on the individual tab for more information

3. Risk Management (RM) Leader RM MembersRM Team RA Team Risk Assessment (RA) Leader RA Members Samples Forms Video Clips Legends Back to content page

4. This Guide aims to provide basic guidance in implementing risk management (RM) at workplaces. Potential incidents can be prevented when hazards are identified and risks are managed. Objectives Back to content page

5. The WSH (Risk Management) Regulations is one of the key components of the Workplace Safety and Health (WSH) Act. Under the Regulations, all workplaces are required to conduct risk assessments for routine and non-routine work. Risk Management Regulations Back to content page

6. Risk Management involves identifying and analysing safety and health hazards associated with work; assessing the risks involved; prioritising measures to control the hazards and reduce the risks; controlling and monitoring the risks; and communicating these risks to all affected persons. Overview of Risk Management Back to content page

7. Roles and Responsibilities of an Employer TASKDETAILS  Risk Assessment (RA)  Ensure RA is conducted and available for all work activities  Require RA updates to be provided in regular meetings (eg: WSH Committee Meeting)  Ensure RA is reviewed / revised at least once every 3 years, or when there is -an incident, near miss or dangerous occurrence; -a significant change in work processes, facilities, work practices or work procedures, or change in workplace condition and layout; or -new information on WSH risks Roles and Responsibilities Employer 7/50

8. Roles and Responsibilities of an Employer TASKDETAILS  Risk Control Measures (RCM)  Require all reasonably practicable steps to be taken to eliminate/minimize any foreseeable risk  Require RCM to be implemented according to the hierarchy of control  Support the implementation of RCM  Risk Register  Require Risk Register to be updated and available at all time  RA Records  Ensure RA records are kept for 3 years from the approval date  Contractors / suppliers  Require contractors / suppliers to conduct RA and implement risk control measures for work carried out by them at the workplace Employer 8/50

9. Manager Roles and Responsibilities of a Manager TASKDETAILS  Risk Assessment (RA)  Ensure RA is carried out and available for all work activities  Approve RA and ensure risk level is not rated ‘high risk’  Review / Revise RA at least once every 3 years from the approval date, or when there is -an incident, near miss or dangerous occurrence; -a significant change in the work processes, facilities, work practices or work procedures, or change in workplace condition and layout; or -new information on WSH risk 9/50

10. Roles and Responsibilities of a Manager TASKDETAILS  Risk Control Measures (RCM)  Prepare an action plan to implement RCM  Ensure RCM are carried out and monitor their effectiveness  Ensure safe work procedures (SWP) are available for all operations and implemented  Review RA if the RCM are inadequate and ineffective  Risk Register  Ensure risk register is updated and available at all time 10/50 Manager

11. Roles and Responsibilities of a Manager TASKDETAILS  RA Records  Maintain and update RA records  Keep RA records for 3 years from the approval date  Contractors / suppliers  Ensure contractors / suppliers conduct RA and implement risk control measures for work carried out by them within the workplace  Communication  Ensure all persons exposed to the risks are informed of : -the nature of the risks -risk control measures -safe work procedures 11/50 Manager

12. Roles and Responsibilities of an Employee TASKDETAILS  Risk Assessment (RA)  Understand the hazards and possible injury / ill-health for carrying out activities assigned to him  Risk Control Measures (RCM)  Comply with all risk control measures  Adhere to safe work procedures established at the workplace  Communication  Inform Manager of : -new hazards / risks and ways to reduce hazards / risks, or -any shortcomings in the safe work procedures or risk control measures  Report any unsafe behaviour of other workers Back to content page Employee

13. I.Must be Available upon Request II.Keep for at least 3 years Record-keeping I.Form Team II.Identify Tasks of Each Process III.Gather Relevant Information Preparation I.Obtain Employer / Management Approval II.Communicate the Hazards and their Controls III.Implement Control Measures IV.Audit / Regular Inspections V.Review RA on a Regular Basis Implementation and Review I.Hazard Identification II.Risk Evaluation III.Risk Control Risk Assessment Risk Management Process 1 2 3 4 13/50

14. I.Form Team A. Appointment of RM Team A1. Employer to: Appoint a RM Leader Appoint RM Members Ensure RM Team is trained and competent in risk management Engage RM Consultant to assist RM Team if further assistance is required I.Form Team II.Identify Tasks of Each Process III.Gather Relevant Information Preparation 1 14/50

15. A2. Prerequisite and Roles of a: Prerequisite Senior member of the workplace Good knowledge of work activities Competent in RM Attended a RM course Roles Lead and coordinate RM implementation Provide RA updates and risk control measures to employer Obtain approval from Employer / Manager for the implementation of risk control measures RM Leader I.Form Team II.Identify Tasks of Each Process III.Gather Relevant Information Preparation 1 15/50

16. I.Form Team II.Identify Tasks of Each Process III.Gather Relevant Information Preparation 1 Prerequisite Good knowledge of work activities Competent in RM Attended a RM course Composition Comprise staff/workers from different levels, discipline and work areas E.g.: Management staff, area manager, engineers, RA Leaders, supervisors, production operators, etc RM Members A3. Prerequisite and Composition of : 16/50

17. I.Form Team II.Identify Tasks of Each Process III.Gather Relevant Information Preparation 1 A4. Main Function of RM Team: Function Understand the workplace processes Set RM objectives Set RA boundaries, e.g.: by -department -function -work activity Assign RA Teams to conduct RA for specific areas Decide on hazards review period RM Leader RM Members 17/50

18. I.Form Team II.Identify Tasks of Each Process III.Gather Relevant Information Preparation 1 B.Appointment of RA Team B1. RM Team to: Appoint RA Leaders among the RM Members Assist RA Leaders if further assistance is needed 18/50

19. I.Form Team II.Identify Tasks of Each Process III.Gather Relevant Information Preparation 1 B2. Prerequisite and Roles of a : Prerequisite A member of RM Team Roles Form RA Team Lead and co-ordinate RA implementation Provide update to RM Team on RA implementation and risk control measures RA Leader 19/50

20. I.Form Team II.Identify Tasks of Each Process III.Gather Relevant Information Preparation 1 RA Members 20/50 Prerequisite Good knowledge of the work activities Composition Comprise staff/workers involved in the work, as well as contractors, suppliers and other persons who are familiar with the work B3. Prerequisite and Composition of :

21. I.Form Team II.Identify Tasks of Each Process III.Gather Relevant Information Preparation 1 Function Conduct RA within the areas assigned by RM Team Determine if the hazards could bring harm beyond their work area Prepare Inventory of Work Activities RA Leader RA Members 21/50 B4. Main Function of RA Team

22. Note: A RM Member is not necessary a RA Leader I.Form Team II.Identify Tasks of Each Process III.Gather Relevant Information Preparation 1 Relationship between RM Team and RA Team 22/50 RA Team RM Team RA Team RA Leader who is also a RM Member

23. I.Form Team II.Identify Tasks of Each Process III.Gather Relevant Information Preparation 1 II.Identify Tasks of Each Process A.RM Team to set RA scope Divide the workplace into few a distinct areas Assign RA Team for each distinct area B.RA Team to prepare Inventory of Work Activity (IWA) Prepare IWA form for area(s) assigned by RM Team IWA form to include activity inventory, location, process and activity 23/50

24. III.Gather Relevant Information A. RM Team to gather information related to RM scoping : Workplace layout plan Process or work flowchart List of work activities in the process I.Form Team II.Identify Tasks of Each Process III.Gather Relevant Information Preparation 1 24/50

25. I.Form Team II.Identify Tasks of Each Process III.Gather Relevant Information Preparation 1 Note: The above information ONLY serve as a guide 25/50 B. RA Teams to gather information on RA process : List of tools, machinery and chemicals used Records of past incidents & accidents Observations, interviews and feedback on WSH related matters WSH inspection records and audit reports Manufacturer’s instruction manual including safety data sheets Relevant legislation, Codes of Practice and specifications Details of existing risk control measures Safe work procedures Copies of previous RA Medical records of workers

26. I.Hazard Identification II.Risk Evaluation III.Risk Control Risk Assessment 2 Risk Assessment is a process of : Identifying and analysing safety and health hazards associated with work; Assessing the risks involved; and Prioritising measures to control the hazards and reduce the risks Risk Assessment must be available for all work activities 26/50

27. I.Hazard Identification A. What is a Hazard ? Anything, any source or any situation with the potential to cause bodily injury or ill-health I.Hazard Identification II.Risk Evaluation III.Risk Control Risk Assessment 2 27/50 Risk Assessment Form

28. B. How to Identify Hazard? B1. RA Leader to determine ways to identify hazards brainstorming process review B2. RA Team to determine sources of hazards physical mechanical electrical B3. RA Team to consider if the hazards could cause harm beyond their immediate area of work I.Hazard Identification II.Risk Evaluation III.Risk Control Risk Assessment 2 chemical biological others process hazard analysis job safety analysis 28/50

29. C. How to Identify Risk? C1. List all work activities from the Inventory of Work Activities (IWA) form in the ‘Work Activity’ column I.Hazard Identification II.Risk Evaluation III.Risk Control Risk Assessment 2 29/50 Risk Assessment Form

30. C2. List all hazards for each work activity in the ‘Hazard’ column I.Hazard Identification II.Risk Evaluation III.Risk Control Risk Assessment 2 30/50 Risk Assessment Form

31. I.Hazard Identification II.Risk Evaluation III.Risk Control Risk Assessment 2 31/50 Risk Assessment Form C3. List all possible injuries / ill-health in the ‘Possible Injury / Ill-health’ column

32. II.Risk Evaluation A. What is a Risk? The likelihood that a hazard will cause a specific bodily injury to any person I.Hazard Identification II.Risk Evaluation III.Risk Control Risk Assessment 2 32/50 Risk Assessment Form

33. I.Hazard Identification II.Risk Evaluation III.Risk Control Risk Assessment 2 B. How to Evaluate Risk? B1. List all existing control measures for each injury / ill-health in the ‘Existing Risk Controls’ column Risk Assessment Form 33/50

34. I.Hazard Identification II.Risk Evaluation III.Risk Control Risk Assessment 2 B2.Rate the most likely severity outcome of the injury in the ‘S’ column B3. Rate the likelihood that the hazard may cause the injury/ill-health in the ‘L’ column B4. Multiply the ‘S’ and ‘L’ columns in the Risk Prioritisation Number (RPN) column Risk Assessment Form 34/50

35. I.Hazard Identification II.Risk Evaluation III.Risk Control Risk Assessment 2 B5. Compare the ‘RPN’ against the Risk Matrix B6. RA Team to take action according to the recommended actions based on the current risk level Risk Assessment Form 35/50

36. Risk Evaluation based on Code of Practice on Risk Management (1 of 2) I.Hazard Identification II.Risk Evaluation III.Risk Control Risk Assessment 2 Severity Scoring (‘S’ column) Likelihood Scoring (‘L’ column) Classification of Risk (Risk Matrix) (‘RPN’ column) 36/50

37. I.Hazard Identification II.Risk Evaluation III.Risk Control Risk Assessment 2 Risk Matrix 37/50 Risk Evaluation based on Code of Practice on Risk Management (2 of 2)

38. III.Risk Control A.What is Additional Risk Control? To eliminate, reduce or confine the risk to an acceptable level I.Hazard Identification II.Risk Evaluation III.Risk Control Risk Assessment 2 38/50 Risk Assessment Form

39. B. How to Control Risk? I.Hazard Identification II.Risk Evaluation III.Risk Control Risk Assessment 2 B1.Consider more effective measures in the hierarchy of control ELIMINATION PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT SUBSTITUTION ENGINEERING CONTROLS ADMINISTRATIVE CONTROLS Most Effective Least Effective Change the Work Process Provide Hearing Protectors Replace Metal Gears with Pulley with Belt Implement Noisy Machine Enclosure Implement Work Rotation Hierarchy of Control Examples for Noise Control 39/50

40. Risk Assessment Form I.Hazard Identification II.Risk Evaluation III.Risk Control Risk Assessment 2 B2.List all possible controls in the ‘Additional Controls’ column B3.Re-evaluate severity ‘S’, likelihood ‘L’ and ‘RPN’ scores (Note: New risk level should not be higher after the additional controls) Existing risk level New risk level 40/50

41. I.Hazard Identification II.Risk Evaluation III.Risk Control Risk Assessment 2 B4.Identify specific person to lead the implementation of additional controls and due date B5.Record due-date for implementation B6. Implementation person to provide progress updates to RA Team 41/50 Risk Assessment Form

42. I.Obtain Employer / Management Approval II.Communicate the Hazards and their Controls III.Implement Control Measures IV.Audit / Regular Inspections V.Review RA on a Regular Basis I.Obtain Employer / Management Approval Manager to : Approve RA form Prepare an action plan to implement the measures Implement the recommended risk control measures Monitor the action plan Implementation and Review 3 42/50

43. I.Obtain Employer / Management Approval II.Communicate the Hazards and their Controls III.Implement Control Measures IV.Audit / Regular Inspections V.Review RA on a Regular Basis Implementation and Review 3 43/50 II.Communicate the Hazards and their Controls Manager to Inform All Persons Exposed to the Risk about : The nature of risks Any measures / safe work procedures implemented Means to minimise / eliminate the risks

44. Examples of Communication Channel : Toolbox meeting / briefing before the start of any work Video tools Mechanical Lifting Machine Operation Maintenance Working in Noisy Environment I.Obtain Employer / Management Approval II.Communicate the Hazards and their Controls III.Implement Control Measures IV.Audit / Regular Inspections V.Review RA on a Regular Basis Implementation and Review 3 44/50

45. I.Obtain Employer / Management Approval II.Communicate the Hazards and their Controls III.Implement Control Measures IV.Audit / Regular Inspections V.Review RA on a Regular Basis Implementation and Review 3 45/50 III.Implement Control Measures Manager to : Implement risk control measures Ensure an action plan is available, monitored and implemented (including timeline and person in charge) Ensure risk control measures are implemented and effective

46. I.Obtain Employer / Management Approval II.Communicate the Hazards and their Controls III.Implement Control Measures IV.Audit / Regular Inspections V.Review RA on a Regular Basis Implementation and Review 3 46/50 IV.Audit / Regular Inspections Manager to : Ensure regular inspection and audits are carried out so that the risk control measures are implemented and effective

47. I.Obtain Employer / Management Approval II.Communicate the Hazards and their Controls III.Implement Control Measures IV.Audit / Regular Inspections V.Review RA on a Regular Basis Implementation and Review 3 47/50 V.Review RA on a Regular Basis Manager to : Review / Revise RA at least once every 3 years, or after an incident, near miss or dangerous occurrence; a significant change in the work processes, facilities, work practices or work procedures, or change in workplace condition and layout (e.g.: introduction of new machinery, or chemicals or raw materials); or new information on WSH risk

48. I.Must be Available upon Request II.Keep for at least 3 years Record- keeping 4 I.RA Records Must be Available upon Request Manager to : Ensure RA records to be readily available upon request RA records include: RA forms RA Register Risk control measures records Safe work procedures Training records 48/50

49. II.Keep RA Records for at least 3 years Manager to : Keep all RA records for at least 3 years I.Must be Available upon Request II.Keep for at least 3 years Record- keeping 4 Back to content page

50. Workplace Safety and Health Act Workplace Safety and Health (Risk Management) Regulations Code of Practice on Workplace Safety and Health (WSH) Risk Management Workplace Safety and Health Council http://www.wshc.sg http://www.wshc.sg Ministry of Manpower http://www.mom.gov.sg http://www.mom.gov.sg References Back to content page