1. Modern Telescopes and Ancient Skies New Views of the Universe An IU Lifelong Learning Class Tuesdays, May 10, 17, 24 III. 30-meters and beyond

2. in 6-8 meter telescopes WIYN TECHNOLOGY

3. 8-10 Meter Telescopes Today Keck Telescopes  Gemini North and South ESO’s Very Large Telescope Subaru Hobby-Eberly Telescope and SALT MMT Observatory Magellan Large Binocular Telescope

4. The Twin Keck Telescopes on Mauna Kea Two 10-meter telescopes “segmented” mirrors –36 hexagonal segments Keck I in 1993; Keck II in 1996

5. ESO’s VLT Cerro Paranal, Chile Four 8.2 meter telescopes –Antu (the Sun) –Kueyen (the Moon) –Melipel (the Southern Cross) –Yepun (Venus - as evening star)

6. Subaru on Mauna Kea Built by Japan 8.2-meter mirror supported on air superb images

7. Hobby-Eberly and SALT 9-meter effective aperture fixed altitude in West Texas and South Africa

8. 6.5-meter Telescopes Magellan Telescopes Twin 6.5-m in Chile Borosilicate honeycomb mirrors MMT Observatory 6.5-m Telescope also borosilicate honeycomb located in southern Arizona

9. Large Binocular Telescope Twin 8.4-meter mirrors on a single mount in southern Arizona

10. Adaptive Optics – Correcting distortions caused by the Earth’s Atmosphere

11. How does it work???

12. UH-88”, Courtesy W.Brandner, 0.65” seeing 4’ 40” 5” >220 stars in 5”x5” Gemini N/Hokupa’a-QUIRC (U of H/NSF) The Power of Adaptive Optics

13. Gemini Observatory & U. Hawaii Pluto and Charon with Adaptive Optics on Gemini Images in the infrared Each frame is 4 arcsec across Pluto and Charon are separated by 0.9 arcsec FWHM of stars is 0.08 arcsec

14. From the ESO VLT An exoplanet orbits a brown dwarf “star” at a distance of about 55 AU (the star and planet are about 200 light years away)

15. New Telescopes to Answer New Questions  20 and 30-meter telescopes  8-meter survey telescope  James Webb Space Telescope  Virtual Observatory

16. Adaptive Optics will be a key component of 20 and 30 meter telescopes Bigger than a football field! Lasers will produce artificial stars in the sky to help focus starlight

17.  8.4-meters  Triple-fold optical design  3 billion pixel-camera  30,000 gigabytes each night LSST Large-aperture Synoptic Survey Telescope  Survey the sky each week  Real-time data analysis  3 billion sources + transients

18. Exploring the Dark Universe with LSST

19. Beyond 30-meters ESO’s Overwhelmingly Large Telescope

21. Connecting to Gemini Visiting with Peter Michaud at the Gemini North Control Room in Hilo, Hawaii

22. Kirkwood Observatory Viewing Night Sky Viewing

23. Final Thoughts