2. author unknown address unknown accessed unknown The Flow of Energy The Flow of Energy Ecosystem Dynamics Ecosystem Dynamics

3. A. Ecosystems A. Ecosystems B. Population Growth B. Population Growth author unknown address unknown accessed unknown

4. A. Ecosystems 1. The ecosystem is the habitat and the community considered together a. temperature and humidity b. oxygen, carbon dioxide, light, and water c. predators, food, and mates_ author unknown address unknown accessed unknown Play

5. 2. Organisms are adapted to their environment_ All Posters http://www.allposters.com/-sp/A-Spiny-Tailed-Iguana-Climbs-a-Cardon-Cactus-on-San-Esteban-Island-Posters_i1244142_.htm accessed 15.02.09

6. B. Population Growth 1. The growth of a population of organisms may be limited by environmental factors such as food supply or predation a. population grows slowly b. population grows exponentially c. population growth decreases d. population constant (carrying capacity)_ author unknown address unknown accessed unknown WHAT WOULD HAPPEN TO A POPULATION OF DEER LEFT ON AN ISLAND WITH NO PREDATORS? Think about it! Think

7. 2. Population growth curves can vary with respect to one or more limiting environmental factors_ author unknown address unknown accessed unknown

8. 3. Weather can have dramatic effects on population size a. temperature b. availability of light Not Rocket Science http://notexactlyrocketscience.wordpress.com/2006/08/31/aphids-get-superpowers-through-sex/ accessed 15.02.09 author unknown address unknown accessed unknown author unknown address unknown accessed unknown Click

9. Biofilo http://biofilo.wordpress.com/2007/02/04/protozoarios-i/ accessed 15.02.09 4. Competition with other organisms can reduce the growth of a population a. require same resources (light) b. territory and mates author unknown address unknown accessed unknown author unknown address unknown accessed unknown Click

10. 5. Predation/starvation limits the size of a population a. prey population becomes larger b. easier for predators to find and kill prey c. prey population decreases d. predators find it difficult to find prey and die e. cycle repeats_ OUT THERE http://outthere.freedomblogging.com/2007/07/ accessed 15.02.09 author unknown address unknown accessed unknown author unknown address unknown accessed unknown Click

12. B. Energy Pyramids B. Energy Pyramids A. Food Chains and Webs A. Food Chains and Webs Image and Light http://www.imageandlight.net/d200_diary_month10.asp accessed 15.02.09

13. A. Food Chains and Webs 1. The ultimate source of energy in an ecosystem is the sun a. solar energy is transferred to chemical energy b. this energy is passed along food chains c. energy losses occur along a food chain_ author unknown address unknown accessed unknown PUT THE FOLLOWING ORGANISMS IN THE ORDER THEY ARE EATEN BY ONE ANOTHER: FROG, HAWK, GRASS, SNAKE, CRICKET. Think about it! Think

14. 2. Food chains show the relationship between specific organisms in an ecosystem_ author unknown address unknown accessed unknown

15. a. producers- make food through photosynthesis_ Daniel 's Public Gallery http://picasaweb.google.com/DanGruhn/RockwoodStudy#5111742870457864466 accessed 15.02.09

16. b. consumers- obtain energy by eating others 1) primary consumers eat plants 2) secondary consumers eat animals_ Chinese International School http://www.cis.edu.hk/sec/ss/Geography/River2000/features/index.html accessed 15.02.09

17. c. decomposers- eat the wastes and remains of other organisms_ Hit Record http://www.hitrecord.org/forum/viewtopic.php?t=3212&sid=43f1e8d4c977f488299954ffdfeb2c97 accessed 15.02.09

18. Play 3. Food webs show the relationship between food chains in an ecosystem a. arrow indicates the flow of energy_ author unknown address unknown accessed unknown

19. B. Energy Pyramids 1. Energy enters an ecosystem in the form of sunlight a. energy is transferred to plants by means of photosynthesis b. energy continues to pass from organism to organism along trophic levels (feeding levels)_ Wikimedia Commons http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maple_leaves_in_May_in_Helsinki.jpg accessed 15.02.09

20. Play 2. Energy pyramids (biomass and numbers) are a display of energy transfer through an ecosystem a. each trophic level is symbolized by a horizontal rectangle b. producers are the base of the pyramid c. primary consumers, secondary consumers, and tertiary consumers are stacked consecutively on top_ author unknown address unknown accessed unknown author unknown address unknown accessed unknown author unknown address unknown accessed unknown Click

21. 3. The change in numbers and biomass relate to the loss of energy along food chains a. cellular respiration- carbon dioxide and heat b. wastes- undigested or uneaten food_ author unknown address unknown accessed unknown

22. 4. Eating plant products rather than animal products is advantageous a. the energy available in a food chain decreases with each trophic level b. about only 10% of the energy is passed on c. animal grazing requires more resources (land, water, energy…)_ Britannica http://student.britannica.com/comptons/art/print?id=100128&articleTypeId=1 accessed 15.02.09