1. Created by: Evelin Fuentes Rai Boone

2.  Genetic engineering : the deliberate manipulation of genetic material.  Genetic code : The sequence of nucleotides in DNA or RNA that determines the specific amino acid sequence in the synthesis of proteins.

3.  It is possible to move material between species because the genetic code is universal.  The transfer of genetic code can cause genetic mutations in animals

4.  Gene transfer : Involves the use of plasmids, host cell (bacterium, yeast, or other cell), restriction enzymes (endonucleases), DNA ligase.  Gene therapy : The treatment of certain diseases by introducing specific engineered genes in a patients cells.  Vector : Is what is needed to carry the gene into the host cell; plasmids are often used as vectors.  Restriction enzyme : Used to cut a desired section of the DNA.  Plasmids : Used to clone a desired gene.  Host cell : The cell used to receive the genetic material.

5.  A human gene that codes for insulin can be inserted into a plasmid and then inserted into a host cell (bacterium). The bacterium then synthesis insulin which can then be collected and used by diabetics.

6. ◦ Note- Gene transfer involves the following elements: a vector, a host cell, restriction enzyme, DNA ligase.  Step 1: Introduce the desired gene into a plasmid and transfer it into a bacterial cell, then culture the bacteria. ◦ Note: many of the bacteria will have a plasmid with the desired gene  Step 2: Use restriction enzymes to cut the desired gene out of the plasmids and purify the gene using gel electrophoresis.

7.  Step 3:

9.  "Genetic Code: Definition from Answers.com." Answers.com: Wiki Q&A Combined with Free Online Dictionary, Thesaurus, and Encyclopedias. Web. 13 Feb. 2012..  "IB Biology Notes - Genetic Engineering And Biotechnology." IB Guides - Free International Baccalaureate Study Guides, Notes, Videos and Powerpoints. Web. 13 Feb. 2012..  "Gene Therapy: Definition from Answers.com." Answers.com: Wiki Q&A Combined with Free Online Dictionary, Thesaurus, and Encyclopedias. Web. 13 Feb. 2012..  "BrainPOP | Science." BrainPOP - Animated Educational Site for Kids - Science, Social Studies, English, Math, Arts. Web. 13 Feb. 2012..