1. Compressed Natural Gas Vehicles Ian Petersen

2. Energy Density Source: NYSERDA

3. Storage

4. CNG Storage Vessels 3 Distinct Categories  Plain Metal Cylinder  Fiber Wrapped Metal Cylinder  Composite

5. The CNGV Image: http://www.cng.cz/miranda2/export/sites/www.cng.cz/en/natural_gas/Natural_Gas_Vehicles/design_imgs/04_4_01a_eng.jpg

6. Refueling  Slow Fill  Fuelmaker  0.46 gge/hr  Residential Natural Gas  Fast Fill  About the same fill rate as conventional gas stations  Few and far between

7. Fast Fill CNG Stations  777 Stations  150:1 Image:http://www.afdc.energy.gov/afdc/fuels/natural_gas_locations.html

8. Combustion and Emissions  130 Octane rating  12.5:1  Emissions reduction based on Gasoline Engines  NO x by 30-60%  CO by 90-97%  CO 2 by 25%  NMHC 50-75%

9. Safety  Relief Valves  Shutoff Valves  Tank Design  Buoyancy of CNG  CNG LEL 5%  UEL 15% Images: http://www.sealancers.org/Articles/tanks/tank3.jpg Images: http://www.sealancers.org/Articles/tanks/tank3.jpg (top left), Powertech (top left, bottom)http://www.sealancers.org/Articles/tanks/tank3.jpg

10. Case Study: Honda Gx  Engine: 113hp 1.8L I-4  Fuel Efficiency: 24/36/28  Fuel Capacity: 8.03 gge  Range: 225 miles Image:http://automobiles.honda.com/civic-gx/exterior-photos.aspx

11. Other CNGVs  Conversions Kits  Diesel/CNG mix fuel  Dual Fuel: Gas/CNG  CNG Electric Hybrids  ICE  Turbine

12. Questions? Images: NYSERDA and Honda Gx website