1. Emerging Challenges, Emerging Practices: Sharing a Global Vision of Quality Assurance in Higher Education
Edilberto C de Jesus
Secretariat Director
SEAMEO

2. Southeast Asian Ministers of Education Organization

3. SEAMEO Member States Indonesia (1965) Lao PDR (1965) Malaysia (1965)
Philippines (1965)
Singapore (1965)
Thailand (1965) Cambodia (1968)
Brunei Darussalam (1981) Vietnam (1992)
Myanmar (1997)
Timor-Leste (2006)
Bullet points on the history of SEAMEO:
        Significant dates (initial meeting, signing of agreement, charter date)
        Date of accession of Members
        Date of accession of Associate Members and Affiliate Member

4. SEAMEO Associate Members
Australia (1973)
France (1973)
New Zealand (1974)
Canada (1988)
Germany (1990)
Netherlands (1993)
Norway (2005)
Bullet points on the history of SEAMEO:
        Significant dates (initial meeting, signing of agreement, charter date)
        Date of accession of Members
        Date of accession of Associate Members and Affiliate Member
SEAMEO Affiliate Members
International Council for Open and Distance Education (1999)

5. SEAMEO Units Secretariat INNOTECH CHAT SPAFA TROPMED Philippines RIHED
SEARCA
RETRAC
TROPMED
Thailand
TROPMED
Network
VOCTECH
RECSAM
11 Specialised Regional
Centres
Network (with 4 centres)
on tropical medicine and
public health
Secretariat
TROPMED Malaysia
RELC
TROPMED
Indonesia
SEAMOLEC
BIOTROP

6. Diversity within SEAMEO
Education systems at different stage of development
Operating with different levels of resources

7. Budget for Education Country Education Budget (Million USD)
Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in Million USD
Education Budget as Percent of GDP (%)
Brunei Darussalam1
346.8
5,917.0
5.9
Cambodia1
110.5
4,440.0
2.5
Indonesia2
418.0
31,095.0
1.3
Lao PDR1
69.9
2,796.0
Malaysia3
7,088.4
131,020.0
5.4
Myanmar4
97.0
7,464.0
Philippines1
2,203.4
92,850.0
2.4
Singapore1
4,553.7
116,760.7
3.9
Thailand1
6,423.7
166,300.0
Timor Leste1
35.0
1,750.2
1.4
Vietnam1
2,602.0
43,750.0
Sources:
1 Information from MOE 2 Education Budget by National Educational Budget, GDP by EconStats
3 Malaysian Educational Statistics Estimation by UNESCO Institute for Statistic for Myanmar, 2001

8. Allocation of Expenditure Per Student
Country
Education Budget (USD)
Number of Students All Level
Allocation Per Student (USD)
Brunei Darussalam
346,800,000
76,898
4,509.9
Cambodia
110,500,000
3,451,661
32.0
Indonesia¹
418,000,000
41,907,605
10.0
Lao PDR
69,900,000
1,350,584
51.8
Malaysia
7,088,400,000
5,783,796
1,225.6
Myanmar
97,000,000
8,092,510
12.0
Philippines
2,203,400,000
23,174,070
95.1
Singapore
4,553,700,000
483,151
9,425.0
Thailand
6,423,700,000
13,162,488
488.0
Timor Leste
1,270,000
136,875
9.3
Vietnam
260,200,000
17,542,129
14.8

9. Mission of Higher Education Institutions
Teaching
Research
Service

10. Personal Perspectives
Philippine Experience
Private Corporate Sector
Government Perspective
Regional Association

11. Pressures on HEI Demand for Greater Access Demand for Higher Quality
Declining Government Support

12. Pressures on HEI Expansion of Knowledge
SIMS Research: world production of original information
- 1999: 2-3 EB (Exabytes)
(1 EB = 1018 bytes)
- 2002: 5 EB
(500 additional US LCs)

13. Pressures on HEI SIM Research: Information on the Web
- 2000: TB (Terabytes)
(1 TB = 1012 bytes)
- 2003: terabytes
(16.7 more US LC)

14. Pressures on HEI SIM Research: Email Volume
: 31 billion messages/day
: 62 billion messages/day

15. Peter A Henning ( Karlsruhe University of Applied Sciences):
“In the past five years, we have produced more data than in the 5,000 years before – and the data volume increase in speeding up.”

16. Issues in Knowledge Explosion
Data Heat
Data Accuracy
Data Relevance

17. Implications for QA Efforts
Teaching: content coverage (What to teach?)
Research:
Keeping Pace
Controlling Costs
Maintaining Focus

18. UNESCO: Research and Higher Education Policy, Nov. 2006
Arthur Biennenstock (Vice Provost and Dean of Research and Graduate Policy, Stanford): Essential Characteristics of Research Universities
High quality faculty committed to research and teaching
High quality graduate students

19. UNESCO: Research and Higher Education Policy, Nov. 2006
An intellectual climate that encourages scholarship
Facilities to support effective teaching and research
Funding for operations and instruction

20. UNESCO: Research and Higher Education Policy, Nov. 2006
Research funding
Research infrastructure
High quality leadership

21. North-South Divide
Resources
Problems
Mission
Standards

22. Divisions in the North
American dominance of Global 10 University Rankings:
Only Oxford and Cambridge in contention
Spending on tertiary education:
UK-- 1.1% of GDP
US– 2.6% of GDP (1.4% private sector)
Any European world-class research universities in 20 years’ time?

23. Divisions within Countries
4000+ HEI in the US (Carnegie Foundation, 2000)
Research Universities: 261

24. Parallels between Basic and Higher Education
Simultaneous Demand for Access and Quality
Priority on Access
Declining government budgets
Entry of private sector entrepreneurs
On-line/distance education
Priority on Teaching

25. Implications for APQN Strengthen QA on the teaching function
Establish guidelines for research in teaching institutions
Develop metrics for different HEI levels

26. Implications for APQN Focus on threshold indicators
Priority to Teaching vs. Research

27. Thank You