2. Annelid Worms

3. Segmented worms Segmented worms 3 Classes: Oligochaetes- live in soil or freshwater Oligochaetes- live in soil or freshwater Ex.: earthworms Ex.: earthworms Leeches- suck blood and body fluids from host Leeches- suck blood and body fluids from host Polychaetes- live in ocean Polychaetes- live in ocean Ex.: sandworms, bloodworms Ex.: sandworms, bloodworms

4. Annelid Worms: Anatomy Long narrow body without legs Long narrow body without legs Invertebrates Invertebrates Have septa (walls that separate segments) Have septa (walls that separate segments) Closed circulation (blood vessels), but no (true) heart Closed circulation (blood vessels), but no (true) heart

5. Annelid Worms: Digestion Feeding methods: filter feeding, capture and eat, parasitic Feeding methods: filter feeding, capture and eat, parasitic

6. Annelid Worms: Digestion Earthworm digestion: Mouth Esophagus Crop (stores food) Gizzard (grinds food) Intestines – food absorbed Waste expelled through anus (castings) http://www.ncsu.edu/scivis/lessons/earthworm/Overview.html

7. Annelid Worms: Respiration & Reproduction Breathe through gills if it lives in water and through skin if it lives on land Breathe through gills if it lives in water and through skin if it lives on land Most reproduce asexually; earthworms are hermaphrodites and can fertilize each other Most reproduce asexually; earthworms are hermaphrodites and can fertilize each other

8. Earthworm Benefits Earthworms are beneficial to plants because they dig tunnels through the ground to allow beneficial bacteria and water to penetrate. Earthworms are beneficial to plants because they dig tunnels through the ground to allow beneficial bacteria and water to penetrate.

9. Annelid Worms: Movement Have 2 sets of muscles – one set contracts to make the worm shorter and fatter, one set contracts to make it longer and thinner Have 2 sets of muscles – one set contracts to make the worm shorter and fatter, one set contracts to make it longer and thinner The worm moves by alternately contracting muscles http://www.fed.cuhk.edu.hk/~johnson/teaching/support/support_and_move ment.htm

10. Harmful Worms Parasitic Worms: Parasitic Worms: Tapeworms Tapeworms Roundworms Roundworms Hookworms Hookworms Pinworms Pinworms Trichinella Trichinella Caught by contact with infested ground, infected people, animals, or linens, or by eating undercooked infected meat Caught by contact with infested ground, infected people, animals, or linens, or by eating undercooked infected meat

11. Harmful Worms Roundworms can grow up to 13 inches inside your intestines. Symptoms are flu-like, and include abdominal pain and vomiting. Can cause blockage in intestines, and have been seen floating in the toilet after vomiting or diarrhea. http://www.liveleak.com/view?i=520_1220214479

12. Harmful Worms Have you ever been awakened in the middle of the night by an itchy bung hole? If so you may be infested with pinworms. They sneak out at night to lay their eggs on the fertile skin surrounding your anus. Mmm fun! The eggs can live up to 3 weeks, so be sure to wash yourself well. If you’ve experienced the itchy bung hole you’ve already been infected for 2-3 months. Chances are you were exposed to contaminated food which means you swallowed pinworm eggs. If you think you’re infected just put a clear piece of tape over your anus while you sleep. In the morning take the tape to the doctor and have them examine it for pinworms. He’ll think you’re a genius! From http://www.notsoboringlife.com/ramblings/what-everyone-ought- to-know-about-parasites/ http://www.notsoboringlife.com/ramblings/what-everyone-ought- to-know-about-parasites/http://www.notsoboringlife.com/ramblings/what-everyone-ought- to-know-about-parasites/

13. Harmful Worms Hookworms can be caught by stepping on infected feces. Watch your step!

14. Harmful Worms Trichinosis is caused by a parasitic roundworm called Trichinella. This worm can be found in undercooked pork. The victim, once infected, will suffer from abdominal pain, diarrhea, vomiting, and then later, muscle aches, itching, fever, and joint aches. The worm feeds off the host and reproduces. Trichinella spiralis larva inside muscle tissue.

15. Harmful Worms In the true spirit of parasites, I’ve saved the best for last. Tapeworms are the mack daddy of parasites that can measure upwards of 20 FEET long! Keep an eye on your dung heaps because these guys are so long they tend to break off. As long as the head remains attached in the intestine they will continue to grow. Humans are generally infected by tapeworms through cattle. Tapeworms will bore through the intestinal wall of the cow and lodge themselves in the muscle where you ingest them (I’ll take my steak well done, please). Symptoms are similar to the others including abdominal discomfort, diarrhea, and constipation. If you’re looking to lose a couple pounds you might consider letting a couple tapeworms take up residence in your intestines. It is rumored that tapeworms were a core ingredient of some diet pills. From http://www.notsoboringlife.com/ramblings/what- everyone-ought-to-know-about-parasites/ http://www.notsoboringlife.com/ramblings/what- everyone-ought-to-know-about-parasites/ Tapeworm http://www.liveleak.com/view?i=bd9_1194369203 * http://www.liveleak.com/view?i=807_1194370140http://www.liveleak.com/view?i=807_1194370140