1. Week #1 Notes: Independent Clauses Joined by Coordinating Conjunctions
A clause has a subject and verb. An independent clause can stand alone as a complete sentence. Underline the two independent clauses in the sentence below.
The CAHSEE intimidated Casey, but she was determined to pass it.
Notice how these two independent clauses are joined together. A comma and coordinating conjunction can be used to join two independent clauses. Think FANBOYS (F=for, A=and, N=nor, B=but, O=or, Y=yet, S=so)

2. Monday: Copy Sentences and make corrections…
Casey and her friends were worried about the CAHSEE, they listened to they’re teachers lesson.
Her friend’s paid attention in there classes they still needed help.

3. Tuesday: Copy Sentences and make corrections…
Teachers wanted to teach grammar concepts in simple terms, they had there students copy sentences, and make simple corrections.
Caseys teacher’s worked hard on there lesson’s, they were ready to try them out
On your own: Write one original sentence of your own joining two independent clauses with a coordinating conjunction (FANBOYS).

4. Wed/Thurs: Copy Sentences and make corrections…
Casey and her friends wanted to pass the CAHSEE nothing was going to stop them from trying there best.
An independent clause can survive on its own, it can be joined with another independent clause with a conjunction and comma.
On your own: Write TWO original sentences joining two independent clauses with a coordinating conjunction (FANBOYS).

5. Friday Quiz:
Write THREE original sentences joining two independent clauses with a coordinating conjunction (FANBOYS).

6. Week #2 Notes: Semicolons joining independent clauses
A semi-colon can be used between two independent clauses that are related to one another. Here’s the test: Does it replace a comma and a FANBOY?
Casey likes Edward; her friends like Jacob.
Does the semi-colon replace a comma and FANBOY? What comma + FANBOY can we use instead of the semi colon?

7. Monday: Copy Sentences and make corrections…
They’re many ways to connect ideas its a challenge to decide whether to use a period, a semi-colon, or a comma + coordinating conjunction.
The students tried hard in class there binders were full of notes.

8. Tuesday: Copy Sentences and make corrections…
Star wasn’t as studious as Casey her backpack was full of candy wrappers and makeup.
Its confusing for the reader when to many semi-colons are used save them for special occasions.
On your own: Write one sentence joining two independent clauses using a semicolon.

9. Wed/Thurs: Copy Sentences and make corrections…
Mr. Speakman believes his students can do well on the CAHSEE they need to review there basics.
Mr. Speakman was proud of Casey for doing her work, she still needed to spit out her gum before coming to class.
On your own: Write two sentences joining two independent clauses with a semicolon.

10. Friday Quiz:
Write THREE original sentences joining two independent clauses with a semi-colon.

11. Week #3 Notes: Semicolon w/Transition (Conjunctive Adverb)
When two independent clauses are joined by a transition or conjunctive adverb, we use a semi-colon. In addition, we use a comma after this transition is introduced.
Example: Casey likes Edward; however, her friends like Jacob.
Accordingly
Also
Besides
Consequently
Conversely
Finally
Furthermore
Hence
However
Indeed
Instead
likewise
Meanwhile
Moreover
Nevertheless
Next
Nonetheless
Otherwise
Similarly
Still
Subsequently
Then
Therefore
Thus

12. Tuesday: Copy Sentences and make corrections…
Casey understood homonyms nevertheless semi-colons and comma’s still confused her.
She thought FANBOYS was the name of a new boy band indeed she needed too pay attention in class.

13. Wednesday: Copy Sentences and make corrections…
The root “trans” means across hence transitions are words that can help you’re ideas flow smoothly across the page.
In math class their always seems to be one correct answer in english class there are many possible correct answers.
Continue on next slide…

14. Wed (Cont’d): Copy Sentences and make corrections…
Casey wanted to do well on Fridays quiz therefore she took careful notes
Casey was getting sick of semi-colons nevertheless she now realizes they are more than just a winky face in a text message.
On your own: Write two independent clauses joined by a semi-colon and transition (transitive adverb).

15. Friday Quiz:
Write THREE sentences with two independent clauses joined by a semi-colon and a transitive adverb.

16. Week #4 Notes: Complex sentences
A subordinate conjunction transforms an independent clause into a subordinate or dependent clause. This subordinate/dependent clause depends on a main clause to express a complete thought.
After
Even if
Provided that
That
Whenever
Although
Even though
Rather than
though
Where as if
since
unless
Whereas
Because
In order that
So that
until
Whether
Before
once
than
when
While
Continue on next slide…

17. Week #4 Notes (Cont’d)
Example #1: Although her friends teased her, Casey still remained loyal to Edward.
The subordinate conjunction “although” turns the independent clause “her friends teased her” into a subordinate clause. This subordinate clause does not express a complete thought. We put a comma after a subordinate clause when it comes at the beginning of a sentence; however, we don’t put commas when the subordinate clause follows the main clause.
Continue on next slide…

18. Week #4 Notes (Cont’d)
Example #2: Casey still remained loyal to Edward even though her friends teased her.
Since subordinate clauses can’t stand alone we can also refer to them as dependent clauses.
No comma…

19. Monday: Copy Sentences and make corrections…
If you prove yourself responsible you gain more independence.
You gain more independence if you prove yourself responsible.
When your dependent on others you cant be left alone hence dependent clauses depend on a main clause in order complete a thought.

20. Tuesday: Copy Sentences and make corrections…
Whenever you want to form a complex sentence take a look at you’re list of subordinate conjunctions.
Even though they have a subject and verb subordinate clauses are sentence fragments.
On your own: Write a sentence that joins a subordinate clause to a main clause. Make sure to punctuate correctly.

21. Wed/Thurs: Copy Sentences and make corrections…
If you’re sentence begins with a subordinate clause remember to put a comma before the main clause.
You will generally use no punctuation when you attach a subordinate clause at the end of the main clause.
On your own: Write two sentences that join a subordinate clause to a main clause. Make sure to punctuate these sentences correctly!

22. Friday Quiz:
Write THREE sentences that join a subordinate clause to a main clause. Remember to punctuate correctly!

23. Week #5 Notes: Gerunds/Present & Past Participles
It’s easy to confuse gerunds and present participles because they both begin with a verb ending in –ing. One acts as a noun (gerund), and the other acts as an adjective (present participle)
Example #1: Dreaming of Edward, Casey didn’t notice the bell dismissing her for lunch.
Here, “Dreaming of Edward” describes Casey (like an adjective). This is a present participle phrase. If we remove it, we still have a complete sentence.

24. Week #5 Notes (Cont’d):
Example #2: Dreaming of Edward distracts Casey during class.
In the second example, “Dreaming of Edward” functions as a noun—it is the subject of the sentence. Removing a gerund creates an incomplete sentence. (Who or what distracts Casey during class)

25. Monday: Copy Sentences and make corrections…
Thinking hard during her dispatch Casey wondered where to put the comma.
Thinking hard during her dispatch gave Casey a headache.

26. Tuesday: Copy Sentences and make corrections…
Feeling like her brain was a bowl of soggy cereal Casey needed toothpicks to keep her eyes open during the lecture.
Feeling like your is brain a bowl of soggy cereal is a common feeling by 6th period but it’s no reason just put you’re head down and go to sleep.
On your own: Write one sentence that uses a gerund phrase and another sentence that uses a participle phrase.

27. Wed/Thurs: Copy Sentences and make corrections…
Note: These sentences use past participle phrases rather than present participle phrases.
Tired from writing all of these sentences Caseys eyes gazed at the clock on the wall.
Broken beyond repair Caseys iPhone was now completely worthless.
On your own: Write one sentence that uses a gerund phrase and another sentence that uses a participle phrase (either present or past).

28. Friday Quiz:
Write TWO sentences that use gerund phrases and TWO sentences that use participle phrases. Remember to punctuate correctly!