1. Photography Merit Badge
This template can be used as a starter file for a photo album.

2. Here’s what we’re gonna talk about…….
* A brief History of Photography * Camera Types * Essentials of a Photo * Parts of a camera * Digital vs Film Cameras * Telling a story with Photos * Photography Careers * Final MB Requirement assignment

3. PHOTOGRAPHY A Brief History
First use of “Pinhole” camera in 4th & 5Th century BC in China.
1st printed images on pewter made in France in 1826 by Joseph Niepce.
Daguerreotypes invented in Paris by Louis Daguerre in 1839.

4. PHOTOGRAPHY A Brief History
1839 – Glass negatives invented by John Herschel in USA.
1854 – First pictures printed on paper as “carte de visite”
1861 – First color photograph
1887– Film invented
1900 – Brownie camera by Eastman Kodak Co.
1925 – 35mm film for still pictures

5. PHOTOGRAPHY A Brief History
1948 – Polaroid introduces “Instant” photography
1981 – First digital portable camera invented
1991 – First professional digital cameras – Cost = $13,000
1999 – Mega-pixel cameras (2.75 mega=pixels)
2008 – Polaroid discontinues “Instant” pictures
Today – Digital photography as high as 26 mega-pixels
Today – HDR Photography

6. Camera Types Cartridge Film Cameras:
Kodak “Instamatic” – 126 Cartridge
Pocket Cameras – 110 Cartridge
Disc Cameras – Disc Cartridge Film
Large Format “Bellows” Film Cameras:
4X5 Sheet Film Cameras

7. Camera Types Roll Film Cameras: Digital Cameras:
Medium Format Camera – 120mm & 220mm Roll Film
35mm SLR Cameras – 35mm Film
Digital Cameras:
Pocket Sized – 3–18 MP, 3-15x optical/digital zoom
Digital SLR Cameras – 5-26 MP, Inter-changeable lenses
Still/Video Digital Cameras – Shoots both still and Video Images

8. Essentials of a Photo
Natural light vs Artificial light

9. Essentials of a Photo Aperture and What’s an F stop? Aperture
All lenses for cameras have an opening size in the lens to let in light.
Some cameras have a fixed size and some have adjustable sizes.
The adjustment happens in the lens, but is changed outside the lens.
F/8 is most common size used, but adjustments include…. F/1.4, F/2, F/2.4, F/4, F/5.6 F/8, F/11, F/16, F/22 – These are the F stops
The smaller the F stop # the bigger the lens opening is going to be. The bigger the opening the more light gets into the camera to create a picture.

10. Essentials of a Photo Shutter Speed
The speed of how quickly the shutter opens and closes.
Determines how long film or sensors are exposed to light.
Measured in factions of a second.
Fixed shutter speeds are usually set at 1/60th to 1/200th of a second
Adjustable speeds can be from 10 seconds to 1/2000th
The faster the speed, the more capability to “stop” motion in a moving subject.
Slower speeds can simulate motion, but will be blurry.

11. Essentials of a Photo Depth of Field
How sharp (focus) a photograph is from foreground to background
A “shallow” depth of field = only the subject is in focus
A “long” depth of field = entire photo is in focus front to back
Depth is adjusted by the aperture size of the lens
The smaller the aperture (higher # i.e. F/22), the greater the depth
Requires move available light to use smaller aperture

12. Essentials of a Photo Composition
Basics of lining up your photo through the view finder before taking your picture.
The Rule of Thirds……

15. Essentials of a Photo Composition
Basics of lining up your photo through the view finder before taking your picture.
Leading Lines….
Creating lines within your photography that causes the viewers eye to look through the picture.

18. Essentials of a Photo Composition
Basics of lining up your photo through the view finder before taking your picture.
Framing…… the technique of drawing attention to the subject of your image by blocking other parts of the image with something in the scene.

21. Essentials of a Photo Composition
Basics of lining up your photo through the view finder before taking your picture.
Angle of view…. the amount of a scene a photograph captures and can be measured vertically, horizontally or diagonally. Also known as angle of coverage or field of view, angle of view changes given the type of lens a photographer uses.

24. Basic parts of a camera

25. Basic parts of a camera

26. Basic parts of a camera

27. Additional Camera Tools
Tripod
Cable Release
Filters
Cleaning Kit
Self Timer

28. Digital vs Film Advantages of Digital vs Film
View your photo immediately
Print your pictures at home on your printer
Can shoot Video and Still on same camera
Make picture enhancements on your computer
Smaller and lighter cameras
Rechargeable batteries
More detailed pictures than film at high MP
Easier to share photos with others
Pictures last longer
Easier to manage and store pictures

29. Digital vs Film Disadvantages of Digital vs Film
Higher cost on batteries
More effort to print pictures
Cameras are more expensive
Do not get to have a “Darkroom” in your house
No choices in film sizes for greater detail

30. Telling A Story with Pictures
Photojournalism Techniques
Establishing shot
Starts off your story with an overview of the story you are going to tell
Baseball game

31. Telling A Story with Pictures
Photojournalism Techniques
Details
Pictures of things you liked, found interesting or documented your story
Baseball game

32. Telling A Story with Pictures
Photojournalism Techniques
Closing
Pictures of things that sum up your story, your favorite thing about the story or what was the most important thing to you.
Baseball game

33. Photography Careers
There are many career choices in Photography. This is a list of some of the most common careers.
Photojournalist
Commercial Photographer
Industrial Photographer
Fashion Photography
Art Photographer
Photo Editor
Photo Design
Make up artist
Assistant Photographer
Portrait Photographer
Wedding Photographer
Photo Lab Tech

34. Final Assignment to complete your Photography Merit Badge
Take pictures of a family, school, church or social event that you attend.
Keep in mind that you want to tell a story using your photographs.
Print your pictures and lay them out on a presentation board in a way that tells your story.
Use techniques and ideas we have discussed
Bring your story board to Scout meeting to share your story.