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Published byPamela Townsend Modified over 9 years ago
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Native American History Jackson to Progressive Era: A History of Displacement
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American Westward Expansion Causes Manifest Destiny Railroad Expansion Industrial Revolution Perceived Racial Superiority Mining Opportunities Farm Land U.S. population boom Missionary Work
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Westward Expansion and Native American Experiences Forcible Removal from land Constantly at War Spread of Disease (sometimes purposeful) Series of Broken Treaties Financial Hardship Cultural Assimilation Hunter Gatherer to Agriculture
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Trail of Tears 1838 Cherokee and Seminole tribes removed from land in Southeast U.S. Moved to Oklahoma Jackson refuses to follow Supreme Court decision
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Westward Expansion 1840s Mexican American War Oregon Trail Fort Laramie purchased by U.S. gov’t Seminole Nation V. United States Bureau of Indian Affairs created California Gold Rush 1849 Decline of Buffalo population
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Manifest Destiny Takes Hold 1850s New Territories settled Land gained from Mexican American War Conflicts develop between settlers and Native Americans Treaties are signed and ignored
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Southwest- Navajo and Apache Conflicts (1861-1886) ManuelitoGeronimoKit Carson
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Navajo Conflicts 1860s More settlers led to revolts and conflict Americans distracted by Civil War Kit Carson sent to Southwest Navajo rebellions put down with harsh force Long Walk to New Mexico Navajo allowed to return to reservation
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Apache Conflicts 1860s-1880s Cochise and Geronimo led uprisings Used guerilla warfare tactics Hid in canyons and mountains Also crossed over into Mexico Both were eventually caught and forced to live on reservations
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Wars in Southwest 1860s-1890s After years of fighting the Navajo, Apache, and Cheyenne are forced on to reservations
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Sioux Wars 1865-1890 Sioux Nation is divided into: - Lakota, Nakota, and Dakota Modern Day Northern Midwest American settlers begin mining Americans focus on Black Hills
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Sioux Wars Fighting breaks out over Black Hills Gold is discovered in Black Hills Black Hills belonged to Sioux and were considered sacred Colonel Custer sent to pacify Sioux
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Battle of Little Big Horn 1876 Colonel Custer stumbles into trap Sioux Forces led by Crazy Horse and Sitting Bull Sioux defeat Custer easily Custer’s Last Stand- No Americans surivve
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Massacre at Wounded Knee 1890 Military attempts to move Sioux off reservations Military removes rifles from Sioux Shot is fired Massacre ensues 300 Sioux men, women, and children are killed.
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Assimilation through Legislation Indian Appropriation Act- Tribes can no longer negotiate as sovereign nations Dawes Act- Native Americans moved off tribal reservations on to individual land allotments Indian Education Act- Mandatory boarding school education, children removed from parents
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