1. Merna Hanna BAD,BAD, BAD DESIGN

2. FIRST STEP TOWARDS ELECTRICITY REVOLUTION From low light production ->high light production Cost effective Compact Durable Economic Eco-friendliness Efficiently designed products Improve our consumption to electricity Saving our limited Resources WHAT IS TECHNOLOGY SUPPOSED TO ACCOMPLISH ?

3. These are all aspects why the world is moving towards LED technology rather than sticking to the normal Incandescent light bulbs, or Compact Fluorescents CFLs) Historically, Thomas Addison the inventor of light bulbs has created a starting point for even more inventions and improvements some of which turned to be bad engineering designs. Comparison Chart of lights Comparison Chart of lights Material and Shape Durability (hours/life span) Energy Efficiency &Energy Costs Environmental Impact Heat emitted Warm up time Light output On/off cycling Sensitivity to temperatures & humidity

5. The LED light mimics the old light with a better improvement. Long Life Span (up to 50,000-70,000 hours) Energy Efficient Ecologically friendly (They are lead and mercury free) Durable ( They are made of solid material with no filament or tub o bulb to break) Zero UV Emissions (which help the environment ) Design Flexibility (LEDs brightness and color can be controlled ) Instant Lightning & frequent Switching (LEDs take nanoseconds to light up) Low Voltage (energy saving as they consume less light than traditional bulbs) Operational in Extremely Hot /Cold Temperatures( LED’s can operate in sub-zero weather) Directional (LEDs can be directed where wanted so no light is wasted )

6. REMEDIES OF LEDS More expensive( LEDs are more expensive at their early development stage as they have not been mass produced. In other words, in the shot term they are very expensive but if one was to look at the total cost of ownership (energy &maintenance)) Voltage sensitivity (LEDs must be supplied with the right voltage and current at a constant flow) LEDs may shift color due to age or temperature which changes how the light appears Heat - the fundamental technology of LEDs is very efficient, but there are still significant resistive losses that produce waste heat. This heat can result in a reduction in life expectancy, so special provisions are required to dissipate this heat. The LED lamps that are currently available at big box stores are equipped with large metal heat sinks.

7. INTERNATIONALLY USED LED Lights are now used for not only home appliances all over the world but also in cars headlights which proves the are a better,more innovative design. LED lights are also used in calculators (previously calculates used green light ->LCD- >LED Lighting a lamp or decorating. TV’s and screens

8. ENGINEERS FOCUS NOT ONLY THE WAY WE USE BUT THE WAY WE PRODUCE Designing is no only in the sense of getting ideas on paper but it takes a lot more parts and pieces i.e. material used,shape, aspects,cost,impact on the environment,and usefulness into consideration. YES ! This mini-curriculum helped me realize that designs are not always perfect. Improvements to the initial product are always adapted to get a greater satisfaction off the products (in terms of uses/customers) and also to gain a greater customer base (in the case of a producer )

9. REFERENCES http://www.designrecycleinc.com/led%20comp%20chart.html http://www.continental-lighting.com/led-basics/advantages-disadvantages.php http://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20100711083536AAQiENc http://www.luminanz.co.uk/tech_disadvantages.php