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Published byTobias Clark Modified over 9 years ago
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THE CELL WALL PRESENTED BY: DeVaughn Patterson and Jason Palonis
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Functions of the Cell Wall Found outside cell membrane it lends the cell stability, it determines its shape, influences its development, acts as a filtering mechanism, protects the cell against pathogens (viruses, bacteria, fungi, etc.) counterbalances the osmotic pressure.
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So what has a Cell Wall ?
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Cell Walls are found in Plants, Fungi, Algae, some Archaea and Bacteria. * Protozoa and Animals do NOT have cell walls.
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So what has a Cell Wall ? -and- What are Cell Walls made of?
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-Plants have Cell Walls Eukaryotic
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Plants actually have 2 Cell Walls In plants, the strongest component of the complex cell wall is a carbohydrate called cellulose, which is a polymer of glucose. Primary Cell Wall- generally a thin, flexible and extensible layer formed while the cell is growing. Secondary Cell Wall- a thick layer formed inside the primary cell wall after the cell is fully grown. Strengthens and waterpoofs the wall. *It is NOT found in all cell types. Middle Lamella- a layer rich in pectins, glues 2 adjacent cell walls together.
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-Fungi have Cell Walls Eukaryotic Fungi possess cell walls made of the glucosamine polymer chitin. (a derivative of glucose). True fungi do not have cellulose in their cell walls
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-Algae have Cell Walls Eukaryotic Algae typically possess walls made of glycoproteins and polysaccharides.
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- some Archaen have Cell Walls Prokaryotic Archaean cell walls have various compositions. May be formed of glycoprotein or polysaccharides. Unlike Bacteria, all Archaen cell walls lack peptidoglycan.
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-Bacteria have Cell Walls Prokaryotic In bacteria, peptidoglycan forms the cell wall. Peptidoglycan- is a carbohydrate matrix (polysaccharides + protein) The Stealth Pathogen A Very Sneaky Bacteria DEFICIENT
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Cell Wall Deficient Forms “ The Stealth Pathogen” The term stealth pathogens refers to bacteria that have cell walls that are deficient in shape, structure, rigidity, and/or layering. Almost unrecognizable, and omnipresent They are capable of considerable shape-changing * Shape change enables these bacteria to easily move DNA between cells. This allows groups of bacteria to fuse together, = disease-causing combinations. Examples: -MS -Rheumatoid arthritis, along with other forms of arthritis -Meningitis -Urinary tract infections -Heart valve infection -Eye inflammations -and a host of other maladies
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* Cell Walls are found in Plants, Fungi, Algae, some Archaea and Bacteria. * Cell Walls are made of various carbohydrates and proteins. TO RECAP: & To Get Us Back On Track-
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So what does NOT have a Cell Wall Here’s a Hint: Protozoa and….
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So what does NOT have a Cell Wall Animals and Protozoa do NOT have Cell Walls. THIS INCLUDES YOU TOO!!!! The End.
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