1. Inspecting Roofs

2. We Don’t Walk Roofs!

3. Inspect & Report  Roof coverings and type  Roof drainage system (gutters)  Flashing  Skylights, chimneys & roof penetrations

4. General Roof Reporting  Identify:  Type & approximate age (ask homeowner)  Number of layers  Condition:  Satisfactory = roof covering will last over 5 yrs  Marginal = less than 5 yrs life remaining  Poor = replace soon (major repairs required)

5. Roof Structure Terminology

6. Roof Types: Overview

7. Roof Types: Gambrel

8. Roof Types: Gable

9. Roof Types: Mansard

10. Roof Types: Hip

11. Components of asphalt shingle roof

12. Typical valley and roof detail of underlayment

13. Open-valley flashing: rolled roofing

14. Open-valley: Sheet metal flashing

15. Woven valley

16. Closed-cut valley

17. Ridge caps from standard shingle

18. Step flashing where sloped roof meets vertical wall

19. Flashing at chimney: step flashing at sidewalls

20. Flashing at chimney: Apron flashing at low side

21. Roofing Materials: Natural enemies  Sun – expansion contraction breaks down material  Rain – erosion of materials  Wind – lifts shingles  Trees -scrape and deposit sap  Moss – collects water & promotes rotting  Snow/Ice -causes uplift of roofing materials  Time -age and wear & tear

22. Roofing Materials: Life expectancy  Asphalt Shingles15-20 yr  Roll Roofing10 yr  Wood Shingles 10-40+ yr  Clay Tile 20+ yr  Slate 30-100+ yr  Asbestos Cement Shingles 30-75 yr

23. Reporting on roof covering Report:  Condition of roofing material  Condition of ridges, valleys & interfaces  Loose or missing components  Signs of water penetration  Repaired areas

24. Eight Warning Signs of Roof Deterioration

25. Ceiling SpotsAlgae Growth Curling Buckling

26. Missing ShinglesShingles Deteriorating Damaged FlashingErosion of Granules

27. Example of Loss Of Granules (Erosion)

28. Example: Curling

29. Buckling and Cracking

30. Wood shingles & shakes Typical Problems: Rot and deterioration Loose or missing pieces Mildew/moss Water penetration