1. CRITICAL THINKING in Nursing Practice: chapter 14 “…active, organized, cognitive process used to carefully examine one’s thinking and the thinking of others.” Involves use of MIND Form conclusions Make decisions Draw inferences reflect

2. BEGIN WITH: Questions:  What do I really know about this nursing care situation?  How do I know it?  What options are available to me?

3. THREE INPORTANT ASPECTS REFLECTION: purposefully thinking back /recalling. Requires honest review LANGUAGE: precise & clear resulting in clear message INTUITION: inner sensing that something is so

4. THINKING AND LEARNING LIFELONG PROCESS NURSING PRACTICE ALWAYS CHANGING

5. LEVELS OF CRITICAL THINKING IN NURSING  BASIC – CONCRETE, BASED ON SET OF RULES OR PRINCIPLES  COMPLEX: “IT DEPENDS”  COMMITMENT: CHOOSE AN ACTION & STAND BY IT

6. CRITICAL THINKING COMPETENCIES Scientific method Problem solving Decision making Diagnostic reasoning and inference Clinical decision making

7. ‘NURSES DO NOT MAKE MEDICAL DIAGNOSES, BUT THEY DO ASSESS AND MONITOR CLIENTS CLOSELY AND COMPARE THE CLIENTS’ SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS WITH THOSE THAT ARE COMMON TO A MEDICAL DIAGNOSIS.”

8. Nursing process as a competency Five steps: Assessment Diagnosis Planning Implementation Evaluation

9. SYSTEMATIC APPROACH GATHER DATA CRITICALLY EXAMINE & ANALYZE IDENTIFY RESPONSE DETERMINE PRIORITY ESTABLISH GOALS & EXPECTED OUTCOMES TAKE ACTION EVALUATE

10. Critical thinking model, five components: Knowledge base Experience Competence Attitudes standards

11. ATTITUDES FOR Critical Thinking  Confidence  Thinking independently  Fairness  Responsibility & accountability  Risk taking  Discipline  Perseverance  Creativity  Curiosity  Integrity  Humility

12. STANDARDS Intellectual standards: preciseness, accuracy, consistency Professional standards: ethical criteria, scientific & practice-based criteria, criteria for professional responsibility “These standards “raise the bar” for the responsibilities and accountabilities that a nurse must assume in guaranteeing quality health care to the public.”