1. What effects did the Nile River have on Ancient Egypt?
By:
Kylie, Danielle, and Alison
November, 2004
Hi I’m Kylie Smith, I’m Alison Aquino and I’m Danielle Brown
Danielle: We chose this topic because the Nile was very important to the Egyptians lives.
Alison: Without the Nile, the Egyptians would not survive.
Kylie: In this slide show, you will see why the Nile was important and some of its difficulties.

2. This slide show presentation will discuss the following four aspects:
Farming
Transportation
Economy
Technology
Farming: or agriculture
Their transportation
The Economy
And their technology

3. Farming Produced grains, vegetables, and beans Dug ditches
Built machines
Floods
Grains, vegetables and beans: Planted grains, vegetables, and beans along Niles coast.
Produces lots of cotton
Main crops: wheat, barley, lettuce, beans, onions, figs, dates, grapes, melons, cucumbers and flax.
Dug ditches: Dug ditches to keep the floods far away to keep a steady water supply.
Built Machines: Built machines to raise water from land to move to field.
Floods: Between July and October, rains came to flood the its banks Inundation, Emergence, and Drought were the three sections of the year that told about what Nile was doing. Inundation was when Nile flooded, Emergence was when water was just right, and Drought was when there was not enough water.

4. Farming Continued Imports Chopped, seeded, and plowed
Imported: They imported half of their food like wheat, barley, flax etc.
Chopped, seeded and plowed: They chopped weeds with a hoe (made of wood)
seeded and plowed their fields as soon as flood waters went down.
They could grow 2-3 crops per year! Crops means the different kinds of plants.
Without the Nile, farming would be impossible.

5. Transportation Canals Boats Carrying Chairs
Source: Bulletin of the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston
Canals: used to carry extra water back to the rivers after floods. used canals during time of Emergence. Water then began to leave their fields.
Canals could usually be waded across.
If the waters were too deep, they had to use a boat.
Carrying Chair: The Kings and Queens were carried in Carrying Chairs.
Boats and other uses of transportation: Also used chariots, sledges, rafts, boats, ships, flat bottom sail boats, and passenger steamers.
Ships sailed to many ports.
Tell audience what pictures are!
Mode; (Naval Museum, Haifa, Israel)

6. Transportation Continued
Barges
Boats
Carts and wagons
Importance of Nile
Palanquins
Barges: Used animal and motor drawn barges
Funeral barges were used to carry mummies of wealthy citizens to burial grounds.
Boats: Boats carried important government officials / priests & their families
Carts and wagons: They couldn’t use carts and wagons because wheels would sink in mud.
Importance of the Nile: Nile carried almost everyone and everything needing to travel.
Palanquins: Pharaohs and other important people were carried on thrones/ Palanquins. Carried by slaves.

7. Technology Calendars Irrigation systems Hunting Houses
Food to make other goods
Art
Calendars: made a calendar out of 365 days based on sun. was the first calendar that looks like present day calendar. started to predict weather by looking at sky.
Irrigation systems: Developed dams, dikes, and canals. Dams were to hold back water when there was a flood. Dikes: built walls used to prevent floods. Canals: small streams that took unwanted flood waters back to the Nile. Discovered nilometer to measure water. made a shadoof to bring water from canals to fields.
Hunting: Made a wooden throwing stick for hunting. also made javelins, spears, and arrows.
Houses: made windows small so Nile would not flood in the house. Built from mud bricks
Food to make other goods: Wheat and barley used to make bread. Flax used to make linen. Papyrus reeds used to make boats, mats, baskets, sandals, paper and ropes. Flyswatters made from giraffe tails.
Art: invented arts, crafts, literature, and music. used bronze and irons to make horse-drawn chariots.

8. Economy Trade Imports Industries Made and sold goods Who
Paying workers
Trade: Trade routes developed to reach distant countries. traded gold, silver, pottery, emmer, jewelry, natron, produce, other natural resources for wood, oils, and certain manufactured items. To get Egyptian jewelry, you would have needed valuable objects to barter.
Imports: skins, giraffe tails, monkeys, cattle, ivory, ostrich feathers, eggs, and gold. Also imported cedar, oils and horses.
Industries: They developed industries such as wine and beer making, textile productions, leather tanning, wood working, pottery and baking.
Made and sold goods: made pottery, jewelry, furniture, coffins/sarcophaguses, statues, and items made out of wood. sold their crops that they grew along the Nile’s coast.
Who: Egyptians traded / bartered with other countries along the Nile river. Those countries were Nubia, Canaan, Syria, and Mesopotamia.
Paying Workers: no typical money system in Egypt. Products were bartered, workers were paid in wheat, barley, and once a while were paid in craft products like pottery. Barley defined in Egypt as money. It was easy to use as payment.

9. Interesting Facts Donkeys/Horses Boats Food
Donkeys/ Horses: Used donkeys to travel until horses arrived in Egypt.
Boats: they had many artistic designs on boats
Food: imports ½ of its food. Produces lots of cotton.

10. Skills We Learned From Doing This Project
Working together
Gathering data
Have due dates
Working together with different people lets you explore and know more about those people and how they take things seriously.
Gathering data is an important skill because you need to know how to gather data in the future.
Having due dates gets you ready for when the project is supposed to be done, and getting ready for how you are going to present it. It will be very helpful in Jr. High.

11. References: Books
Boehm, Richard G., Hoone, Claudia, McGowan, Thomas M., McKinney-Browning, Mabel C., Miramontes, Ofelia B. Our World’s Story. Orlando: Harcourt Brace and Company, 1997
Carroll, Patrick Longcore, Christine Mico, Steve Morrison, Leslie Ancient Egypt: Life in the Nile River Valley. New York: Everyday Learning Corporation, 1999
Day, Nancy Your Travel Guide to Ancient Egypt. Minneapolis: Runestone Press, 2001
Ferris, Julie Everyday Life in the Ancient World. New York: Kingfisher Publications, 2002
Hanks, Stephen Egypt. Brooklyn: Perfection Learning, 2003

12. References: Books Continued
Hart, George Ancient Egypt. London: Eye Witness Books, 1990
Haslam, Andrew Make it Work! Ancient Egypt. Princeton: Two-Can Publishing, 2001
Honan, Linda Spend the Day in Ancient Egypt. Canada: John Wiley and Sons Inc; 1999
Kaplan, Leslie C. Home Life In Ancient Egypt. New York City: Power Kids Press, 2004
Morris, Neil Everyday Life in Ancient Egypt. North Mankato: Smart Apple Media Press, 2004
Rees, Rosemary The Ancient Egyptians. Des Plaines: Reed Education and Professional Publishing, 1997

13. Resources: Books Continued
Shutter, Jane Ancient Egypt. Austin: Raintree Steck-Vaughn, 2000
Shutter, Jane The Ancient World Egypt. Austin: Steck-Vaughn Company, 1999
Steele, Phillip Step Into Ancient Egypt. New York City: Anne’s Publishing, 1997
Walker, Jane 100 Things You Should Know About Ancient Egypt. United Kingdom: Miles Kelly Publishing, 2003

14. References: Websites
“Charlotte Country Day School” Unknown 10/15/04
“Ancient Egypt Pictures” Unknown 11/3/04
“Means of Transportation” Unknown 10/15/04

15. The End!
Thank you for watching!