1. Institute for Sustainable Manufacturing Sustainable manufacturing A (very) brief overview + evaluation matrix 1

2. Institute for Sustainable Manufacturing Sustainable materials (energy-efficient material design for manufacture: molecular, microstructural and metallurgical transformation of materials; self-healing materials and memory alloys) Sustainable product development (energy-efficient products; sustainability metrics for products; 6R-based product design for sustainability) Sustainable manufacturing processes (energy-efficient, environmentally benign manufacturing process development – toxic-free, hazardless, safe and secure technologies; minimal use of metal working fluids and chemicals; tribological interface science; coatings; surface and sub-surface integrity studies) Sustainable manufacturing systems (metrics for sustainability performance, ontology for interoperability of sustainable supply chains; sustainable quality systems; energy-efficient supply chain operations and manufacturing systems) Society, Public policy and Regulatory issues in Sustainable Manufacturing (Societal Impact studies; legislative and administrative issues; policy implementation; product and process liability; ethics) Sustainable service and health care systems (interdisciplinary work on the interaction between social systems and manufacturing systems) Economic analysis of sustainable products and processes (marketing strategies and business economics for sustainable products and processes) Current Research Focus Areas 2

3. Institute for Sustainable Manufacturing Emphasis on all four product lifecycle stages Manufacturing Pre- manufacturing Use Post-use Holistic and Total Life-cycle Approach 3

4. Institute for Sustainable Manufacturing 3R CONCEPT 6R CONCEPT WASTES Closed-loop Material Flow – The 6R Approach RAW MATERIALS RAW MATERIALS Source: Jawahir et al. (2006) 4

5. Institute for Sustainable Manufacturing Sustainable Manufacturing (Innovative, 6R-based) Innovation Elements Remanufacture Redesign Recover Recycle Reuse Reduce Evolution of Sustainable Manufacturing Lean Manufacturing (Waste Reduction-based) Green Manufacturing (Environmentally-benign, 3R-based) Traditional Manufacturing (Substitution-based) Time 1990200020101980 2020 2030 2040 2050 Stakeholder Value, $ 5

6. Institute for Sustainable Manufacturing The creation of manufactured products that use processes that minimize negative environmental impacts, conserve energy and natural resources, are safe for employees, communities, and consumers and are economically sound (US Department of Commerce, 2009) Sustainable manufacturing includes: (a) manufacturing of “sustainable” products, and (b) sustainable manufacturing of all products. The former includes: manufacturing of renewable energy, energy efficiency, green building, and other “green” & social equity-related products, and, the latter emphasizes: sustainable manufacturing of all products taking into account the full sustainability/total life-cycle issues related to the products manufactured (National Council for Advanced Manufacturing (NACFAM), 2009) Sustainable Manufacturing: Definition 6

7. Institute for Sustainable Manufacturing Three Major Focus Areas Overall focus on holistic view and integration of sustainability issues at the product, process and system levels across all four life-cycle stages (pre-manufacturing, manufacturing, use and post-use) and considering all three sustainability aspects (environment, economy and society) Products Improved metrics for product sustainability evaluation Product design for sustaibnability Case studies: Autobody sustainability, Suatainability evaluation in laser printers, Sustainable biomedical implants, DfS study of aluminum beverage cans Processes Machining: Improved metrics for process sustainability scoring; Dry, near-dry and cryogenic machining; Improving surface integrity, and hence product life, through machining; Process modeling and optimization Brazing: Experimental development of lead-free soldering; Modeling and optimization of wetting mechanics and joint formation Friction stir processing and Super plastic forming: Experimental development of FSP to produce ultrafine grain materials for superplastic forming of sustainable, light-weight alloys; Process modeling and optimization Systems Sustainable supply chains, and sustainable production and service systems Improved metrics for evaluation of environmental, economic and societal impacts Development of interoperability platforms for sustainable manufacturing 7

8. Institute for Sustainable Manufacturing Fazleena Badurdeen Sustainable Manufacturing Systems and Supply Chains Focus: Design and optimization of sustainable manufacturing systems and supply chains to improve economic, environmental and societal performance Emphasis: – Total product life-cycle (pre-manufacturing, manufacturing, use and post-use ) focus – Closed-loop material flow across the four lifecycle stages – Application of 6R’s for sustainable manufacturing Reduce, Reuse, Recycle, Recover, Redesign, Remanufacture – Multiple product life-cycle emphasis Research projects: – Next Generation sustainable supply chain modeling – developing measurement systems and performance metrics – Risk analysis for sustainable supply chains – Coordinated sustainable product and supply chain design for closed-loop flow – Sustainable supplier performance evaluation modeling – Product-service system modeling to increase sustainable value-added 8

9. Institute for Sustainable Manufacturing Total Life-cycle Evaluation Matrix for Product Sustainability 9