Presentation is loading. Please wait.

Presentation is loading. Please wait.

9/30 Focus: Pharaohs established governments in Egypt where they had absolute power The Nile River helped unite the upper and lower kingdoms of Egypt Do.

Similar presentations


Presentation on theme: "9/30 Focus: Pharaohs established governments in Egypt where they had absolute power The Nile River helped unite the upper and lower kingdoms of Egypt Do."— Presentation transcript:

1 9/30 Focus: Pharaohs established governments in Egypt where they had absolute power The Nile River helped unite the upper and lower kingdoms of Egypt Do Now: List geographic characteristics of the Nile River Valley

2 10/1 Focus: The Egyptians viewed their pharaohs as a living god Historians divide the history of ancient Egypt into three periods Do Now: What effect did the desert and cataracts on the Nile have on the development of Egyptian culture?

3 Protected by natural barriers
Warm Climate Floods were predictable Long Growing Season Rivers used for transportation Unpredictable flooding Fertile Soil No natural barriers allows cultural diffusion

4 History and Government
Ancient Egypt History and Government

5 Unification Early Egypt was divided into two kingdoms
Upper Egypt Lower Egypt Egypt was united in 3100 BCE by Menes Made Memphis the capital Established the first dynasty

6

7 Ancient Egyptian History
Periods Time Frame Nile Culture Begins 3900 B. C. E. Archaic 3100 – 2650 B. C. E. Old Kingdom 2650 – 2134 B. C. E. Middle Kingdom 2040 – 1640 B. C. E. New Kingdom 1550 – 1070 B. C. E. Late Period 750 – 332 B. C. E. Greek Ptolemaic Era 332 – 30 B. C. E. Roman Period 30 B. C. E. – 395 C. E.

8 Old Kingdom The Old Kingdom Begins 2650 BCE
Time of Growth and Prosperity Pyramids constructed Pharaohs with absolute power establish strong governments

9 Middle Kingdom Difficult and turbulent time
Pharaohs began to lose power to local nobles Invasions, famines, civil wars Built fortress up and down the Nile Traded with Greeks, Phoenicians, and others around the Mediterranean Conquered by the Hyksos in 1650 BCE

10 The New Kingdom Hyksos defeated
Egyptians realized they needed a strong army Took lands around them to serve as a buffer from invasion

11 The Pharaoh The King Had absolute power Pharaohs established dynasties
Was believed to be a god in human form Had to perform religious rituals along with priests to ensure positive outcomes in daily life Gov’t in Egypt was a theocracy: a state ruled by religious figures Flashback: Were Sumerian rulers seen As Gods? No, their power came from the gods

12 Some Famous Egyptian Pharaohs
Tutankhamon B. C. E. Thutmose III B. C. E. Ramses II B. C. E.

13 Some Famous Egyptian Pharaohs
Hatshepsut BCE

14 Egyptian Social Classes

15 10/3 Focus: Ancient Egyptians believed in many gods which they believed were responsible for the annual flooding and other natural events. The ancient Egyptians had a much more positive view of the afterlife then the civilizations in Mesopotamia Do Now: Explain how the Sumerians viewed their gods and their view of the afterlife

16 Egyptian Social Classes
Class system was hierarchal People with most power at the top Least power on the bottom Flashback: Was the social structure in Mesopotamian civilizations such as Sumer organized in a similar manner ? Yes

17 Hieroglyphics Used picture symbols to represent objects, sounds, and ideas Wrote on papyrus Plant that grew along the Nile The Rosetta Stone Discovered in 1799 Used to translate hieroglyphics Flashback: What was the Sumerian form of writing and what did they write on? Cuneiform was written on clay tablets

18

19 Hieroglyphics “Alphabet” 24 “letters” + 700 phonetic symbols

20 Egyptian Religion Egyptians were polytheistic
Believed gods controlled natural events

21 Egyptian Religion Built temples and obelisks to honor the gods
Tall, thin pillar with a pyramid shaped top

22 Egyptian Gods & Goddesses:
Osiris Isis Horus

23 The Afterlife Egyptians view of the afterlife was positive
Believed that when someone died the Ka (spirit) escaped and journeyed to the land of the dead

24 The Afterlife Egyptian Book of the Dead
Contained magic spells and rituals to assist the dead enter the afterlife

25 Mummification Designed to protect the dead body from decay and keep the Ka alive

26

27 Materials Used in Mummification
1. Linen Natron 2. Sawdust Onion 3. Lichen Nile Mud 4. Beeswax Linen Pads 5. Resin Frankinsense

28

29 Pyramids Tombs built for Egyptian rulers

30 Plan of the Great Pyramid of Khufu

31

32

33

34 Routes of the “Sea Peoples”

35 Closure Why did Egyptians have a positive view of the afterlife?
What form of writing did the Egyptians use?


Download ppt "9/30 Focus: Pharaohs established governments in Egypt where they had absolute power The Nile River helped unite the upper and lower kingdoms of Egypt Do."

Similar presentations


Ads by Google