1. Using microorganisms in food production
Food Science
Using microorganisms in food production

2. Different types of microbe
What are the three different types of microbe?

3. Different types of microbe
There are three types of microbe
bacteria
viruses
fungi
microbes 3

4. BACTERIA FACT FILE Bacteria e.g. Salmonella and Streptococcus
size: 1/1000 mm
shape: Bacteria can be spherical, rod-shaped or comma-shaped.
structure: Bacteria are single-celled organisms, which do not completely have a nucleus.
Some cause disease, but many
are useful.
reproduction: Bacteria reproduce very quickly. Two can very quickly become four, then eight and so on. 4

5. FUNGI FACT FILE Fungi e.g. Penicillium and yeast
size: Some fungi can actually be seen with the naked eye, others are slightly bigger than bacterial cells.
shape: Fungi come in many different shapes.
structure: Fungi have the
most complex structures of
all the microbes. They feed
off other living things. 5

6. Using microbes – yeast carbon glucose ethanol dioxide
Yeast carries out respiration - used in different ways in baking bread and in brewing.
The aerobic respiration of yeast is used to make bread rise
Yeast produce enzymes which turn sugar in bread dough into ethanol and carbon dioxide
glucose
carbon
dioxide
ethanol

7. Using microbes - yeast Carbon dioxide produces bubbles in bread
Make it rise
Ethanol produced
Evaporates during baking

8. Using microbes – yeast energy carbon glucose ethanol dioxide
The anaerobic respiration of yeast is used to make beer and wine.
Yeast respires without oxygen and produces alcohol (ethanol). This process is known as fermentation.
Yeast converts the sugar into alcohol by anaerobic respiration:
energy
glucose
carbon
dioxide
ethanol

9. Using microbes – bacteria and fungi
Microbes have many uses that are based on the fact that microbes can be grown.
Bacteria grow in milk to make it curdle.
This type of bacterial growth is used to make milk into yoghurt.
Lactose fermented to produce lactic acid
Cheese is another product that is made from milk.
Fungi can also be used to make food. The meat substitute Quorn is a protein produced using fungi.

10. The effect of temperature
Use microbes to produce foods
Orange ‘wine’ using yeast
Bio-yoghurt using lactobacillus and streptococcus
Follow procedures carefully to produce food correctly
Biohazard
What are the effects of different conditions?

11. Yeast is a …………. It is very important in the production of ……………
Yeast is a ………….. It is very important in the production of …………….. and …………drinks. During ………………. Glucose is converted to ethanol and …………. …………… Bacteria are used to ……………. milk in cheese and …………… production. The bacteria change …………… into lactic acid. This …………… the milk.