1. [16469] Low Energy Building Design
Critique 4
Adam Boney, Fraser Cassels, Marc Breslin, Nicolas Burns

2. Our Design
1st Floor

3. Life Cycle Analysis There are 6 main processes involved in the LCA
Raw Material extraction
Manufacturing of materials
Transportation
Material Use
Maintenance
Disposal/recycling
Inputs:
Material input
Water use
Energy use
Outputs:
Products
Carbon emissions
Emissions to rain, land

4. Life Cycle Analysis Cradle to gate
General
Specific
Area m2
Volume
Density
Quantity
Embodied
Total EE
Total EC
Distance
Materials
Material m3
Kg/m3
Energy Mj/Kg
Carbon CO2/Kg Mj
CO2
Tranported
(EE)
(EC)
(KG)
Glazing
Glazing panel 28
0.84
2500 15
0.85
37500
2125
490
Timber cladding
Scottish Larch
250
4.75
550
2612.5
8000
249
(kg per m3)
3.8 tonnes
Timber Studwork
107.5
650
9600
8.5
4600
81600
4.4 tonnes
& 1st floor
Insulation
Cellulose
375
92.1 32
3223.5 3
9670.5
------
Sheeps Wool 25
2302.5 18
41445
shetland
Concrete
General con.
129
38.7
3567
13804
0.95
0.13
1794.5
Floor
Reinforcement
-----
----
0.26
0.018
Roof
Slating
132
1.32
2691
3552
0.8
2841.6
Sourced from inventory of carbon and energy and greenspec website

5. Life Cycle Analysis
Tables show the fuel used during cradle to gate process for materials:
Glass
Concrete
Sawn Timber

6. Material cost Glazing 28m2 – £250 per m2 = £7000
Approximate costing
Glazing 28m2 – £250 per m2 = £7000
Doors 6m2 – £320 per m2 = £1920
Timber cladding - 250m2 - £35 per m2 = £8750
Timber Battens – 500 battens - £7 = £3500
Slates for roof – 132m2 - £ 18 per m2 = £2376
Sheep’s wool insulation – 375m2 - £55 per 6m2 = £3437
Cellulose insulation – 375m2 - £11 per 8Kg bag = £4432

7. Ventilation Fabric Heat Loss
= Area (m²) x U-value (W/ m²K) x ΔTemperature

9. Ventilation
Ventilation Heat loss
PV = CV x N x ΔT
3600

11. Appliances
Weekday total = kWh
Weekend total = kWh

12. Heat Pump Is required to heat the water for the house
And it is also used to heat the house when the MVHR systems can’t

13. Gains
Solar: kWh/yr
Passive: kWh/yr

14. Gains - Losses

15. Adding the values calculated in the
Gain – Loss column to the heat pump
Total Demand require from the
Turbine
Heat pump = kWh/yr
Appliances = kWh/yr
Total = kWh/yr

16. Energy Savings - Appliances
Total appliance demand = [(5x )+(2x )]x52= 211,446kWh/year – Low Energy
Total appliance demand = [(5x )+(2x )]x52= 2,600,693kWh/year – Average House
Energy Saving Appliances = 2,389,247kWh/year

17. Energy Savings – Water heating
Average house: Water heating = 6210kWh/yr
Energy saving water heating= 6210 – = kWh/yr

18. Recalculated total demand data:
Total dwelling demand-
Kwh

19. Turbine Power calculation:
P=ρAV³xCp
Nb=0.97
Ng= Mechanical Efficiency Coefficients.
Cp=0.47

20. Turbine options:

21. Turbine selection:
Having revised the potential total annual demand for our building we can select a more suitable size of turbine to meet the demand.
We have opted for :
- Proven 35-2
- 8.5m rotor diameter
- Producing Kwh/year
(taken from

22. Turbine energy production per month:
As you can see each for each month the selected turbine is meeting the demand except for July where there is a shortfall.

23. Electricity storage:
Opted for batteries as a clean renewable energy source.
Chose deep cycle renewable batteries as they are long-lasting, clean most importantly reliable.
For the Month of July there is an energy deficit of 18.46Kwh
To counter this we will use an off grid remote residential Trojan deep battery.

24. Electricity storage:
There are a variety of Trojan batteries to choose from, opting for a 12v battery from possible deep cycle options below- (

25. Electricity storage:

26. Final Thoughts Energy demands met by turbines
House is an autonomous, zero-carbon dwelling
In theory building meets requirements set out in brief