1. Inadequate soft fall surface Inappropriate design Entrapment Protrusion and sharp objects Uneven surfaces Poor maintenance Poor or inadequate supervision Risk factors that contribute to playground safety

2. The Physical Environment Factor Inadequate fencing Climbing equipment that does not meet safety standards Trip hazards such as poorly constructed pathways or poorly set out play areas Lack of appropriate soft-fall Lack of safety devices such as child-resistant locks on gates and cupboards Inappropriately fitted child restraints on highchairs “Ride the bikes on the path” Emma, 5 years 5 months

3. Safety Considerations: –The layout and use of spaces –Placement of furniture and furnishings –Physical space provided –The age and number of children –Should allow for maximum supervision of children at all times Safe Indoor Play Spaces

4. Safety considerations: –Layout; i.e soft fall –Fixed equipment Entrapment Protrusion and sharp objects –Loose parts Uneven surfaces –Maintenance Safe Outdoor Play Spaces

5. The Adult Factor Lack of adequate supervision or close attention Lack of knowledge or understanding of child development and risks factors at each developmental stage Lack of communication – this may include failure to give clear, adequate or developmentally appropriate instructions to children

6. The Adult Factor Failure to take adequate safety precautions on behalf of the child The emotional or stress level of the adult may result in loss of concentration, poor judgement or lack of vigilance A distracted carer, particularly during arrival and departure times when carers are talking to parents.

7. Knowing Listening Positioning Four Principles of Supervision Scanning

8. Knowing being aware of where children are and the number of children you are supervising. being aware of activities and equipment that requires special supervision, for example safety or turn taking. Four Principles of Supervision

9. Listening listening for unusual sounds, crying or silence (a good indicator that something unusual may be happening.) Four Principles of Supervision

10. Scanning watching and being aware of all activities occurring in the area looking around regularly. be aware of all children be aware of where other adults are supervising Four Principles of Supervision

11. Positioning position yourself to get the best possible view activities requiring special supervision must have a carer nearby never leave children unattended Four Principles of Supervision