2. Arrhythmia Treatment …which you researched! Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery Angioplasty Valve Replacement Aneurysm Repair Transplant

3. Coronary Artery Disease – Result of plaque buildup in your coronary arteries that leads to blockages. – Hardening of arteries from plaque is called Atherosclerosis

4. It occurs when fat, cholesterol, and other substances build up in the walls of arteries and form hard structures called plaques. – Narrows the diameter of the arteries, reducing blood flow.

5. Plaques harden or can rupture – If the plaque ruptures it creates a blood clot on the surface which will completely block the artery Symptom of plaques: Angina (chest pain or discomfort that occurs if an area of your heart muscle doesn't get enough oxygen-rich blood)

8. A healthy artery or vein from the body is connected, or grafted, to the blocked coronary artery – The grafted artery or vein goes around the blocked portion of the coronary artery – Creates a new path for oxygen-rich blood to flow to the heart muscle

11. Alternative to bypass; attempts to open a blockage rather than bypass it – Thin, flexible tube with a balloon at its tip is threaded through a blood vessel to the narrow or blocked coronary artery – Once in place, the balloon is inflated to push the plaque against the artery wall – This restores blood flow through the artery

12. A stent might be placed in the coronary artery to help keep it open. A stent is a small mesh tube that supports the inner artery wall.

14. For the heart to work well, blood must flow in only one direction. Each valve has a set of flaps called leaflets – The leaflets open to allow blood to pass from one heart chamber into another or into the arteries. – The leaflets close tightly to stop blood from flowing backward.

15. Leaflets can thick or stiff or fuse together, keeping blood from flowing through the valve Leaflets may not close tightly enough causing blood to leak back into the heart chambers

16. Surgeons will either repair the valve or replace it: – Pig, cow, human valve – Man-made valve

17. An aneurysm is a balloon-like bulge in the wall of an artery or the heart muscle. When the size of an aneurysm increases, there is a significant risk of rupture, resulting in severe hemorrhage, other complications or death

18. A stent graft is inserted through an artery in the groin. The stent graft makes a bridge between the healthy parts of the aorta (above and below the aneurysm)

19. Surgery to remove a person's diseased heart and replace it with a healthy heart from a deceased donor Remedies before a heart is found: – Ventricular assist devices (VADs) is a mechanical pump – Total artificial hearts (TAHs) is a device that replaces the two ventricles

22. Both ventricles of the heart are failing to pump enough blood to sustain the body (end-stage biventricular failure). The left and right failing ventricles are removed.

23. The four native heart valves are removed. The Total Artificial Heart is implanted and attached via four quick connects.

24. Hopefully, a donor heart is transplanted in the near future!

25. Read the article, “Searching For a Substitute” to examine the history of heart transplants. – Then answer the 10 questions that accompany it.

26. You will be assigned to one of three categories: – Those representing the doctors and scientists involved in transplantation, – Those patients who are waiting for donor hearts and dying of heart disease, – The general public. Consider the issue of heart transplants, and for next pull-out, put together your official stance on the issue as if you were a doctor, a patient, or a member of the general public!

27. http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/eheart/trans plantwave.html http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/eheart/trans plantwave.html

28. http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/eheart/man made.html http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/eheart/man made.html

29. Test your knowledge of the human heart…what do you remember? http://www.pbs.org/saf/1104/index.html