1. Biofuels for Automotive Applications Bio Diesel and Bio Ethanol

2. Historyof Vegetable Oil as a Fuel Diesel Engine invented by Dr. Rudolf Diesel and first shown at Paris World Expo in 1900 running on Peanut Oil Diesel Engine invented by Dr. Rudolf Diesel and first shown at Paris World Expo in 1900 running on Peanut Oil Designed to be run on many fuels such as vegetable oil, Mineral Oil, and Coal dust suspended in water Designed to be run on many fuels such as vegetable oil, Mineral Oil, and Coal dust suspended in water “The diesel engine can be fed with vegetable oils and help in the development of agriculture in the countries that use it. The use of vegetable oils for engine fuels may seem insignificant today. But in time they may become as important as Petroleum and Coal tar products at the present time. ~ Dr. Diesel 1911 “The diesel engine can be fed with vegetable oils and help in the development of agriculture in the countries that use it. The use of vegetable oils for engine fuels may seem insignificant today. But in time they may become as important as Petroleum and Coal tar products at the present time. ~ Dr. Diesel 1911 Ethanol Ethanol

3. What is Bio-Diesel? A mixture of: A mixture of: Waste or fresh vegetable oilWaste or fresh vegetable oil MethanolMethanol LyeLye The Vegetable oil is too thick by itself and needs to be cut with methanol in order to be used in an unmodified deisel engine. The Lye is used to nuetralize the solution The Vegetable oil is too thick by itself and needs to be cut with methanol in order to be used in an unmodified deisel engine. The Lye is used to nuetralize the solution

4. Straight Vegetable Oil SVO can also be used as a substitute for diesel with a few modifications SVO can also be used as a substitute for diesel with a few modifications Engine must e started and stopped on diesel fuel or bio-diesel to keep injectors and filter from clogging Engine must e started and stopped on diesel fuel or bio-diesel to keep injectors and filter from clogging Fuel must be pre-heated prior to switch over to thin it out enough to go through the filter Fuel must be pre-heated prior to switch over to thin it out enough to go through the filter Requires the use of two tanks in the vehicle with a heater in one, along with a method to switch tanks with the vehicle running. Requires the use of two tanks in the vehicle with a heater in one, along with a method to switch tanks with the vehicle running.

5. Benefits of SVO and Bio-Diesel Higher flash point than Diesel so It’s not as flammable Higher flash point than Diesel so It’s not as flammable Biodegradable, spills are not harmful Biodegradable, spills are not harmful Reduces air toxins and cancer causing agents by 95% Reduces air toxins and cancer causing agents by 95% Higher lubricity, engines run better and last longer Higher lubricity, engines run better and last longer No Sulfur Dioxide or Carbon Dioxide emissions No Sulfur Dioxide or Carbon Dioxide emissions Lower Carbon Monoxide emissions Lower Carbon Monoxide emissions Exhaust smells like French fries Exhaust smells like French fries

6. Bio-Ethanol Is a colorless liquid with a characteristic but agreeable smell and taste Is a colorless liquid with a characteristic but agreeable smell and taste In 1910 Henry Ford designed the Model T to be run on either Petrol or Ethanol In 1910 Henry Ford designed the Model T to be run on either Petrol or Ethanol Henry Ford Called it “the fuel of the future” Henry Ford Called it “the fuel of the future” Oil companies didn’t agreeOil companies didn’t agree Is also renewable Is also renewable Big 3 automakers support it’s uses and most major auto makers in the world support ethanol blends under warrenty Big 3 automakers support it’s uses and most major auto makers in the world support ethanol blends under warrenty 10% blend (with Gasoline) is sued in some parts of the U.S. 24% blend is currently used in all of Brazil 10% blend (with Gasoline) is sued in some parts of the U.S. 24% blend is currently used in all of Brazil

7. Benefits of Bio-Ethanol Similar to Bio-Diesel but for gasoline engines. Similar to Bio-Diesel but for gasoline engines. Lowers CO content of exhaust Lowers CO content of exhaust Higher octane at a lower cost than gasoline Higher octane at a lower cost than gasoline Blends can be used in current engines without modifications Blends can be used in current engines without modifications Reduces Hydrocarbon emmisions Reduces Hydrocarbon emmisions Reduces NOx by up to 20% and VOC’s by more than 30% Reduces NOx by up to 20% and VOC’s by more than 30% When used as an octane enhancer reduces Benzene and Batadiene by more than 50% When used as an octane enhancer reduces Benzene and Batadiene by more than 50% Sulfur dioxide and particulate matter reduced Sulfur dioxide and particulate matter reduced

8. More benefits The amount of energy in 1 galloon of ethanol is more than twice the energy used to grow the corn and produce the ethanol The amount of energy in 1 galloon of ethanol is more than twice the energy used to grow the corn and produce the ethanol Each BTU used to produce a BTU of gasoline could produce 8 BTU’s of ethanol Each BTU used to produce a BTU of gasoline could produce 8 BTU’s of ethanol Has a positive energy balance of 125% compared to 85% for gasoline, making it the most effective method of producing liquid transportation fuels. Has a positive energy balance of 125% compared to 85% for gasoline, making it the most effective method of producing liquid transportation fuels.

9. More information www.biodieselamerica.org www.biodieselamerica.org www.biodieselamerica.org www.journeytoforever.org www.journeytoforever.org www.journeytoforever.org www.dancingrabbit.org www.dancingrabbit.org