1. Plant Life Cycle 4.01 Explain the growth process of plants.

2. This young plant that grows from a seed is called a seedling.
When a seed has sunlight, air, water, and nutrients it will begin to germinate, or start to grow.
This young plant that grows from a seed is called a seedling.

3. Seeds Seeds are formed in the center part of the flower or fruit.
Seeds come in many shapes and sizes.
Mature, fertilized ovules!

4. What is seed? A mature ovule containing an embryo
The sexual reproductive unit in a plant
Consists of 4 parts:
Embryo
Storage tissue
Seed coat
Seed leaf (Cotyledon)

5. Parts of a Seed
Seed Coat
Seed Leaf
Stored Food
Developing Plant

6. Embryo A complete miniature plant in resting stage
Each has a root, stem, or one or two seed leaves (called cotyledons)
Divided into 2 parts:
Hypocotyl
Forms lower stem and roots
Epicotyl
Forms all plant part above first node

10. Stems-Internal Monocot : examples: corn, grasses Dicot: example: trees
Vs Dicot
Dicot: example: trees

11. Storage Tissue
Stored food to be used by plant in first stages of growth
Stored in endosperm in corn
Stored in cotyledon in beans

12. Seed Coat Radicle Plumule
The hard covering that
protects the seed (endosperm & embryo) is the ...
Seed Coat
First to emerge through a protective sheath….
Radicle
Emerging shoot that becomes the stem….
Plumule

13. How Seeds Are Scattered
Planting
Animals
Water
Wind

14. About seeds The fruit breaks open. The seeds fall.
Plants
About seeds
The fruit breaks open. The seeds fall.
The wind blows the plant and the seeds fall out.
Slide 34 to 35 are about seeds that use the wind to disperse.
Produced by W Pallant

15. About seeds Some seeds have parachutes. The wind blows the seeds away.
dandelion
Some seeds have parachutes. The wind blows the seeds away.
Some seeds have wings. They fly through the air for a long way.

16. About seeds Animals help disperse some seeds. Plants
Slide 36 is about animals that disperse seeds.
Produced by W Pallant

17. How a Seed Grows into a New Plant
The life of a plant begins as a seed.
Once you plant and water a seed it begins to germinate.
The root pushes through the seed coat.
The seedling grows out of the ground.
The stem and its leaves point to the sunlight.
The leaves make its own food.
Flowers begin to bloom and make seeds.
New seeds are formed and scattered.
What is this process called?

18. The
Life Cycle
of a Plant

19. Otherwise know as sexual reproduction!

20. The life cycle of a plant
Plants
The life cycle of a plant
Roots grow from a seed.
Slides 20 to 23 are part 1 of the plant life cycle.
Produced by W Pallant

21. The life cycle of a plant
Roots grow from a seed.
Leaves start to grow.

22. The life cycle of a plant
Roots grow from a seed.
Leaves start to grow.
More leaves grow. Flower buds appear.

23. The life cycle of a plant
Roots grow from a seed.
Leaves start to grow.
More leaves grow. Flower buds appear.
The flowers open.

24. The life cycle of a plant
Plants
The life cycle of a plant
The petals die. The flowers make a fruit with seeds inside.
Slides 24 to 25 are part 2 of the plant life cycle.
Produced by W Pallant

25. The life cycle of a plant
The petals die. The flowers make a fruit with seeds inside.
The fruit dries and falls.

26. Plants
A pictorial diagram of the plant life cycle.
Produced by W Pallant

27. How deep??? Depends on size of seeds
Plant no more that 1 ½ times the diameter of the seed.
Larger seeds are planted deeper
Smaller seeds are planted shallow
Water small seeds from the bottom by soaking to prevent burying them

28. Germination rate The % of seeds that sprout Example 75 of 100 = 75%
Are affected by temperature and moisture
Vary depending on type of plant and quality (viability) of the seed
Seed viability is the seed’s capability of growing or developing.

29. Seedlings The first sets of leaves are call cotyledons
Monocots produce one seed leaf
Dicots produce two seed leaves
True leaves are the second set of leaves
Transplant seedlings when the first true leaves appear
Before planting in the outdoor envionment, reduce humidity and water and make the environment more like the outside to “Harden off” plants.

30. Sexual propagation Advantages
It is a fast way to get many plants
It is easy to do
It is economical
Disadvantages
Some plants, especially hydrids, do not reproduce true to parents
Some plants are difficult to propagate from seeds