1. TOURISM PETER ROBINSON MICHAEL LÜCK STEPHEN L. J. SMITH

2. Water-borne Transport 6

3. Learning Objectives To understand the variety of modes of water-borne transportation To explore the management and marketing issues associated with cruising To appreciate the geography of cruise holidays

4. Water-borne transport has a long history –Before air travel, much long-haul travel was by water Cruise ships were ‘jumbo jets’ of their day Water offers many recreational activities –Physical exercise –Relaxation –Sightseeing –Wildlife viewing –Fishing Background

5. Most activities require some form of infrastructure or support services –Docks –Chandlers –Marinas (fuel, repairs, boat sales and leasing) –Navigation aids –Locks and canals (industrial waterways) Background

6. At least 20 million boats registered in private ownership Many forms –Canoes, kayaks, row boats, skiffs, dories, pedal boats, etc. –Inboard, outboard, inboard/outboard motors –Sailboats and Jet boats –Personal hydrocraft –Water skiing –Hydro bikes/surf bikes Private Craft

7. Rental boats Water taxis Ferries (passenger and vehicle) ‘Bare boating’ Tour boats –Surface –Submersible and semi-submersibles Canal (narrow) boats Cruise lines Commercial Water Transportation

8. (Usually) multi-stops combining accommodation, onboard and shore activities, restaurants Emerged after decline of transatlantic liners Many options –Duration –Location –Degree of luxury –Class of service –Size of ship –Cruise themes, activities Cruise Lines

9. Fly & cruise packages Rail & cruise packages Repositioning cruises ‘Cruises to nowhere’ Special interest cruises –Activities –Target market –Educational cruises –‘Tall ships’ Types of Cruises

10. River cruises Lake cruises Freighters Mail and supply ships Types of Cruises

11. Air pollution from diesel engines Dumping of waste at sea (in international waters) Noise concerns in port Automobile traffic in ports during departures and arrivals Environmental Concerns around Cruising

12. Very different layout and sizes for passenger versus cargo/container ports (passenger ports are smaller) Essential for cruise industry Two types –Home ports –Ports-of-call Ports