1. Jeffrey A. Kane, BEG, 2003 Use of Resistivity Logs as a Tool for Estimating Interparticle Porosity

2. Jeffrey A. Kane, BEG, 2003 Outline of talk A little bit about why How can we do it? –A short derivation An example from the Clearfork Some caveats Finish it up

3. Jeffrey A. Kane, BEG, 2003 Setting the stage We can model permeability from interparticle porosity and petrophysical class The only tool in current usage to get to interparticle porosity is the sonic Sonics are, unfortunately, an uncommon log

4. Jeffrey A. Kane, BEG, 2003 Setting the stage The resistivity log tends to respond to separate vug porosity in much the same fashion as the sonic tool –It tends to “ignore” the larger pore bodies we refer to as separate vugs

5. Jeffrey A. Kane, BEG, 2003 How can we do it? We will assume that the interparticle portion of the porosity will behave as an “Archie type rock”. –This means that we can assume for the interparticle porosity that the porosity exponent (m) and the saturation exponent (n) are both close to 2

6. Jeffrey A. Kane, BEG, 2003 How can we do it? We will also assume that the ratio water saturation provides us with a valid water saturation estimation in the interparticle porosity.

7. Jeffrey A. Kane, BEG, 2003 A short derivation Water saturation at some depth in from the wellbore, S i, is calculated from: S i n = Fr z /R i where S i is the water saturation, S, at some depth of investigation, i, R i is the associated formation resistivity at that depth, F is the formation factor, and r z is the apparent water resistivity at that depth of investigation

8. Jeffrey A. Kane, BEG, 2003 A short derivation S w n = Fr w / R t, S xo n = Fr mf / R xo (S w / S xo ) n = [r w / r mf ] / [R t / R xo ] S xo = S w r (S w / S w r ) n = [r w / r mf ] / [R t / R xo ] S w (1 - r)n = [r w / r mf ] / [R t / R xo ] S w = { [r w / r mf ] / [R t / R xo ] } 1/((1 – r)n)

9. Jeffrey A. Kane, BEG, 2003 A short derivation S w n = Fr w / R t F = 1 /  m S w n  m = r w / R t S w  = (R w / R t ) 1/2 S w = { [r w / r mf ] / [R t / R xo ] } 1/(2(1 –.2))  = (R mf / R xo ) 1/2 [(R t R mf ) / (R w R xo )] 1.25

10. Jeffrey A. Kane, BEG, 2003 An example from the Clearfork

11. Jeffrey A. Kane, BEG, 2003 An example from the Clearfork

12. Jeffrey A. Kane, BEG, 2003 An example from the Clearfork

13. Jeffrey A. Kane, BEG, 2003 An example from the Clearfork

14. Jeffrey A. Kane, BEG, 2003 An example from the Clearfork

15. Jeffrey A. Kane, BEG, 2003 An example from the Clearfork

16. Jeffrey A. Kane, BEG, 2003 An example from the Clearfork

17. Jeffrey A. Kane, BEG, 2003 An example from the Clearfork

18. Jeffrey A. Kane, BEG, 2003 An example from the Clearfork

19. Jeffrey A. Kane, BEG, 2003 An example from the Clearfork

20. Jeffrey A. Kane, BEG, 2003 Technique is sensitive to the ratio of Rmf to Rw Some pitfalls Environmental corrections are important Micro-porosity or intra-particle porosity can be an issue

21. Jeffrey A. Kane, BEG, 2003 To finish up We have described a way to enhance the use of resistivity logs in characterizing porosity It allows us to not only estimate permeability, but allows us to look into water saturation variations A good understanding of the rocks is critical to making this work