1. Xinci Tan AP Language: Persuasive Techniques
Protecting Oceans
Xinci Tan
AP Language: Persuasive Techniques

2. Introduction
The World’s oceans are polluted more and more each day. Oil spills, toxin pollution, and disposal of garbage in the oceans all contribute to the deterioration of ocean life and the increase in water contamination. We do not realize how our actions will indirectly affect us in the future as marine species disappear, food becomes inedible, and clean water becomes increasingly scarce. If we do not take responsibility and change our habits, the human race will go extinct along with the victims of present day pollution.

3. Logos
Facts, diagrams, analogies all aimed to explain the link between ocean pollution and humanity. Marine Biologist Stephen Balumbi presents facts that show how the toxins humans dump into oceans will come back around through food, disease, and bacteria to affect us.
The Oceana website is most definitely logos. The numbers are cold hard facts and the source is credible.

4. Logos continued
Captain Charles Moore uses many pictures, his experiences, and his research to convince his audience of the serious pollution in our oceans. I thought it was more logos than ethos because he didn’t have the validity of a marine biologist, but he did have proof—pictures and research.

5. Kairos
This picture and the one on the next slide has kairos because the viewer is forced to see how current the issue is, and how dire. He is given a sense of urgency to act before it’s too late—the child in the background also reminds him that if pollution continues and gets out of hand, his own children will not be able to experience the diversity of marine wildlife.

7. Pathos http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lHNtcqksWwg
This news report focuses mainly on the impact of the gulf oil spill on marine animals. It emphasizes the number of turtle deaths and near-extinction of several species caused by the spill.
In the Dawn commercial, animals are again the focal point. A little duckling, which is usually perceived as cute and defenseless, is shown to be covered in black tar-like oil before getting a bath. Dawn has obviously used the oil spill to attract customers by its implied support of ocean protection.

8. Ethos http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TsmXC6GhoQ0
A team of marine biologists are shown to be out on the ocean, researching the impact of plastic and garbage in the water and in the stomachs of marine life. It is more ethos and not logos—even though there is evidence, there are no hard facts; the team of marine biologists, however, exude a strong sense of trust i.e. ethos.
This definitely has ethos not only because the site is a “green” site but also because the author is a sailor, someone who has actually seen the damage first hand.

9. Conclusion
We must help to stop ocean pollution, by recycling, using decomposable materials instead of plastic or glass to decrease our accumulating waste. Marine animals are suffering due to our actions, and if we do not put a halt to pollution soon, we too will suffer the consequences.