1. The Cold War Spring 2015

2. The Cold War Was called “Cold War” in reference to the chilly relationship between the US and the USSR. “Cold War” as opposed to a “hot war” where there is actual fighting. The only wars fought between the US and USSR during this time period (1945-1991) were proxy wars: Korean War Vietnam War

3. Occupation of Germany Many of the problems between the US and USSR because of the occupation of Germany. The USSR occupied the eastern part of Germany, as well as East Berlin The US, Britain, and France occupied western Germany, as well as West Berlin All of Berlin was located within East Germany, which made access difficult for the US, Britain, and France Berlin airlift is a result of the USSR blocking access to West Berlin

4. Map of Occupied Germany

5. Nuremburg Trials Held in Nuremberg, Germany from 1945-1949 Tried more than 200 Nazi and military officials Several dozen sentenced to death for their roles in the Holocaust and other war crimes.

6. Eastern Europe USSR sees controlling Eastern Europe as essential to their security. The Soviets wanted a buffer zone to protect from attack by western European countries.

7. Soviet Sphere of Influence

8. Western Resistance to the USSR Truman Doctrine President Truman’s promise to supply economic and military aid in order to prevent the spread of communism Millions of $ in aid sent to Greece and Turkey Marshall Plan Provided $13 billion for rebuilding Europe Instrumental in helping western Europe recover Containment—US attempts to stop the spread of communism

9. NATO North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) Designed to counter Soviet power in Europe Comprised of the US, Canada, Britain, and other western European Countries

10. NATO Member Countries

11. Warsaw Pact Soviet response to NATO Consisted of the USSR and other communist nations of Eastern Europe

12. NATO v Warsaw Pact

13. Assignment 04/21/15 Define the 9 Key Terms at the top of p 877. Answer questions 1 & 2 on p 881. USE COMPLETE SENTENCES! Due at end of class.