1. INNOVATIVE INTEGRATED METHODOLOGY FOR THE USE OF DECONTAMINATED RIVER SEDIMENTS IN ROAD CONSTRUCTION Progress Meeting November 26 th 2014 Prof. Ing. Massimo Losa Dott. Ing. Pietro Leandri Dott. Ing. Patrizia Rocchio

2. “Innovative integrated methodology for the use of decontaminated river sediments in plant nursing and road construction” CLEANSED - LIFE 12 ENV/IT/000652 B. Implementation actions ACTION B.1: Dredging, analysis and characterization of contaminated sediments Specific technical goals : -Laboratory characterization of sediments with the aim to identified the most suitable position in the Navicelli canal where the material can be dredged in order to make the project more representative - Storage in a confined area of the sediments dredged from the identified position - Sampled in different location of the storage area and further laboratory tests ACTION B.4: Demonstration of the use of decontaminated sediments in road construction Specific technical goals : - Preliminary assessment of the optimum percentages of use of the treated sediments for the different parts of a road (foundations, intermediate layer, etc) - Design of experimental road - Road construction (work in progress – December 31 st ) ACTION D.1: Dissemination ACTIONS Pistoia - November 26 th, 2014

3. “Innovative integrated methodology for the use of decontaminated river sediments in plant nursing and road construction” CLEANSED - LIFE 12 ENV/IT/000652 ACTION B.1: Dredging, analysis and characterization of contaminated sediments 1 st step: Dredging sites individuation 2 nd step: Storage of sediments in a confined area Sampling and laboratory characterization Pistoia - November 26 th, 2014

4. “Innovative integrated methodology for the use of decontaminated river sediments in plant nursing and road construction” CLEANSED - LIFE 12 ENV/IT/000652 Pistoia - November 26 th, 2014 UNI CEN ISO/TS 17892-1: Determining of the water content of a soil; CNR UNI 10006:2002: Classification of a soil; UNI CEN ISO/TS 17892-12: Determining of a soil texture limits; UNI EN 1744-1:2010: Presence of a potential moist substance; ACTION B.1 ACTION B.1 1 st Step : Characterization of the samples collected from “Navicelli Canal” for individuation of the dredging site Results: Sample ID1234 particle size distribution % pass 2.0 mm96.691.593.586.5 % pass 0.4 mm90.88486.568.6 % pass 0.075 mm87.665.330.413.1 Plasticity LL54422726 LP2926150 PI25161226 Group IndexGI17900 Soil classification CNR UNI 10006 A7-6 A2-6A2-4 Presence of organic components (UNI EN 1744-1) Yes No

5. “Innovative integrated methodology for the use of decontaminated river sediments in plant nursing and road construction” CLEANSED - LIFE 12 ENV/IT/000652 Pistoia - November 26 th, 2014 UNI CEN ISO/TS 17892-1: Determining of the water content of a soil; CNR UNI 10006:2002: Classification of a soil; UNI CEN ISO/TS 17892-12: Determining of a soil texture limits; UNI EN 1744-1:2010: Presence of a potential moist substance; % of organic components content Results: ACTION B.1 ACTION B.1 2 nd Step : Characterization of stored contaminated sediments Sample ID12345 particle size distribution % pass 2.0 mm98.198.398.499.596.4 % pass 0.4 mm96.495.794.898.188.8 % pass 0.075 mm787156.778.438.3 Plasticity LL4340364229 LP2422232718 PI1918131511 Group IndexGI12106 1 Soil classification CNR UNI 10006 A7-6 A6A7-6A6 Presence of organic components (UNI EN 1744-1) Yes Organic components content [%]4.083.322.493.902.00

6. “Innovative integrated methodology for the use of decontaminated river sediments in plant nursing and road construction” CLEANSED - LIFE 12 ENV/IT/000652 Pistoia - November 26 th, 2014 ACTION B.1: CONCLUSIONS –Samples 1, 2 and 4 contain great percentages of organic components (usability threshold < 5%). These samples belong to A7-6 group, that represents the highly plastic clay. They cannot be used in the road constructions because they are water sensitive materials. –Samples 3 and 5 belong to A6 group and contain great percentage of organic components. The typical material of this group is a plastic clay soil, 75% or more of which usually passes the 75 µm. Materials of this group usually have high volume change between wet and dry states and they can be used only if stabilized in the construction of embankment, but cannot be used in construction of subgrade layers. Because of the great content of organic matter their usability thresholds will be assessed to demonstrate optimum stabilization with lime. ACTION B.4

7. “Innovative integrated methodology for the use of decontaminated river sediments in plant nursing and road construction” CLEANSED - LIFE 12 ENV/IT/000652 Pistoia - November 26 th, 2014 ACTION B.4: Preliminary assessment of the optimum percentages of use of the treated sediments 1.Stabilization of the sediments with lime 2.Determination of Proctor curve: 2.Determination of Proctor curve: determination of the relationship between the water content and the dry density of mixtures after compaction under specified test conditions using Proctor compaction. It allows an estimate of the mixture density that can be achieved on construction sites and provides a reference parameter for assessing the density of the compacted layer of the mixture. 3.Determination of CBR Index 3.Determination of CBR Index ratio used to characterise the bearing capacity of the mixtures, determined immediately after compaction and after a period of curing (water) 4.EXECUTIVE DESIGN OF DEMONSTRATION ROAD 5.ROAD CONSTRUCTION Changing the behavior of the base material Stabilization for substrates mediocre or poor PURPOSES: Variation of the natural water content (w n ): CaO + H 2 O = Ca (OH) 2 + 15.5 kcal Modifications of the geotechnical characteristics of the sediments in terms of grain size, plasticity, compactability. EFFECTS:

8. “Innovative integrated methodology for the use of decontaminated river sediments in plant nursing and road construction” CLEANSED - LIFE 12 ENV/IT/000652 Pistoia - November 26 th, 2014 ACTION B.4: Stabilization of sediments with lime 1.Lime proportion requirement for soil stabilization 2.Plastic Index variation (with %CaO)

9. “Innovative integrated methodology for the use of decontaminated river sediments in plant nursing and road construction” CLEANSED - LIFE 12 ENV/IT/000652 Pistoia - November 26 th, 2014 ACTION B.4: Determination of Proctor curve 2.Proctor curves Optimum water content

10. “Innovative integrated methodology for the use of decontaminated river sediments in plant nursing and road construction” CLEANSED - LIFE 12 ENV/IT/000652 Pistoia - November 26 th, 2014 ACTION B.4: Determination of CBR Index Immediate Bearing Index > 10% 2.CBR Index Immediate bearing index (IPI) and linear swelling Sample ID Dredged sediments + 5.2% CaO Immediate bearing index 1323 CBR (Curing that permits full soaking) 17 Linear Swelling ∆h ( % ) 5.45.0

11. “Innovative integrated methodology for the use of decontaminated river sediments in plant nursing and road construction” CLEANSED - LIFE 12 ENV/IT/000652 Pistoia - November 26 th, 2014 ACTION B.4: Executive design of demonstration road GENERAL PLAN

12. “Innovative integrated methodology for the use of decontaminated river sediments in plant nursing and road construction” CLEANSED - LIFE 12 ENV/IT/000652 Pistoia - November 26 th, 2014 ACTION B.4: Executive design of demonstration road

13. “Innovative integrated methodology for the use of decontaminated river sediments in plant nursing and road construction” CLEANSED - LIFE 12 ENV/IT/000652 Pistoia - November 26 th, 2014 Navicelli Canal ACTION B.4: Executive design of demonstration road Cross section and Materials Dredged sediments stabilized with lime 1.Asphalt concrete (Binder course) th=10 cm 2.Granular Subbase th=20 cm 3.Natural soil th=50 cm 4.Subgrade layer made with soils belonging to the groups A1-a, A1-b, A2-4 (CNR-UNI 10006/2002) th=30 cm 5.Fill material : dredged sediments stabilized with lime 6.Sand bedding th=30 cm 7.HDPE Geomembrane th=2 mm 8.Extensometer system for measuring settlements at various depths in embankment layers

14. “Innovative integrated methodology for the use of decontaminated river sediments in plant nursing and road construction” CLEANSED - LIFE 12 ENV/IT/000652 Pistoia - November 26 th, 2014 ACTION B.4: Road construction

15. “Innovative integrated methodology for the use of decontaminated river sediments in plant nursing and road construction” CLEANSED - LIFE 12 ENV/IT/000652 Pistoia - November 26 th, 2014 ACTION B.4: Road construction

16. “Innovative integrated methodology for the use of decontaminated river sediments in plant nursing and road construction” CLEANSED - LIFE 12 ENV/IT/000652 Pistoia - November 26 th, 2014 ACTION D. 1: Dissemination ICTI International Conference on Transportation and Infrastructure 2014 – April 22-25, Pisa