1. Erica Riggs Virginia Sanchez-Valdez Sarah Anderson

2. Two Theories can be applied to the typical 17 to 18 year old individual Erik Erikson: Eight Stages of Psychosocial Development- Stage 5 Identity vs. Role Confusion James Marcia: Identity Status

3.  Erikson- Who am I?  Marcia- ◦ Where does the typical 17-18 yr. old individual searching for identity fall? Moratorium Foreclosure Diffusion* Identity Achievement*  What areas of my life do I explore to find out my identity?

4.  Erikson- How do 17-18 year olds become autonomous?  Marcia- -How does the typical 17-18 yr. old become autonomous? Beginning to leave Foreclosure Heavy exploration in Moratorium  When is autonomy achieved?

5.  Erikson- What do I do now?  Marcia- -Foreclosure -Moratorium What transition do I make after high school? -College/Vocational -Work -Service -Travel -Marriage/Family -Lack of transition- no life change from high school

6.  Every individual in this age group (17-18) is unique  The movement through Erikson’s stages and Marcia’s statues are not linear, nor is there a “right” way to move  Autonomy, identity and transitions can happen in any order- one must not be achieved in order for the next to begin

7.  Meet the client where they make meaning  Erikson: Role confusion vs. identity  Marcia: Identity status

8. Identity “Exploring Three Approaches to Identity Development” Diane Ganieve and Robert Enright  Others perception of oneself  Early Identifications  Values

9. Autonomy  “Parents and Their Young Adult Children: Transitions to Adulthood” Idy Barasch Gitelson and Dana McDermott  Self-initiation: Autonomy Achieved  Delays: Factors that can hinder autonomy  Encouragement of Autonomy: A parent’s role in autonomy development

10. Transitions  “Understanding transitions using a sociocultural framework” Sarah Crafter Et Rachel Maunder  “Phase-Adequate Engagement at the Post-School Transition” Julia Dietrich, Philip Parker, Katariina Salmela- Aro  Types of transitions and ruptures  Transitions within a societal frame  Adequate vs. inadequate adjustments

11. Real Life Example

12.  Developmental Counseling Theory  As counselors we must understand where clients makes meaning and meet them there  Decision Making Model  Problems -Choices -Consequences- Decision  The Transition Guide- Schlossberg and Kay  Listen to client’s stories-help them organize their thinking on the transition- facts, feelings and meaning

13. Our research has proven that addressing identity, autonomy and transitions with 17-18 year olds are crucial to aid in healthy development Personal Reflection

15.  Crafter, S., & Maunder, R. (2012). Understanding transition using a sociocultural framework. Educational And Child Psychology, 29(1), 10-18  Dietrich, J., P., Parker, K., Salmela-Aro Developmental Psychology, Vol 48(6), Nov 2012, 1575-1593. doi: 10.1037/a0030188  Ganiere, D. M., & Enright, R. D. (1989). Exploring three approaches to identity development. Journal Of Youth And Adolescence, 18(3), 283-295. doi:10.1007/BF02139042  Gitelson, I., & McDermott, D. (2006). Parents and their young adult children: transitions to adulthood. Child Welfare, 85(5), 853-866