1. 1 Cremation MSU Extension MontGuide 200201 HR Updated February 2013

2. 2 Focus Personal Concerns Montana & Federal Regulations Costs

3. 3 Marsha A. Goetting Professor & Extension Family Economics Specialist Corinne Cramer Former Extension Family & Consumer Sciences Associate Claire DelGuerra Former Cascade County Extension Agent

4. 4 Historical Info First Crematory  1876  Pennsylvania

5. What percent of Montanans were cremated in 2009? 1.85% 2.76% 3.65% 4.42% 5.31% 6.12% Countdown 8

6. 6 Cremation Acceptance Montana—2009 65% rate 5,664 cremations out of 8,739 deaths

7. 7 National Rate Year 2009  38%

8. Which state has the highest rate of cremations? Countdown 8 1.Alaska 2.Nevada 3.Hawaii 4.Montana 5.Maine 6.Florida

9. 9 States Nevada73% Washington70% Hawaii69% Oregon68% Vermont59%

10. 10 Why Choose Cremation National Survey  Cremation Association of North America

11. 11 Why Choose Cremation?? Save Money30% Save Land13% Simpler & More Convenient 8% Personal Preference 6% Body not in Earth 6% Cremation Association of North America

12. 12 Why?? Concerns for environment Cold-weather constraints Ease of transportation to distant burial sites

13. 13 Who Regulates? Montana Board of Funeral Service  Montana Department of Labor & Industry

14. 14 Montana Board of Funeral Service Administrative Rules Standards Licenses

15. 15 Federal Level Federal Trade Commission (FTC)  Trade Regulation Rules  Itemized Price Info

16. 16 Who can authorize the removal of my body to a crematory?

17. 17 Removal of body? Vital Statistics Bureau  DPHHS Form  “Authorization for Removal,Transportation, & Final Disposition of a Dead Body”

18. 18 Signature of One: Coroner Mortician Physician or Designee Certified Advanced Practice Registered Nurse

19. 19 Who Submits the Form? Mortician  With appropriate signatures

20. How many licensed crematories are in Montana? Countdown 8 1. 14 2. 22 3. 31 4. 55 5. 75

21. 21 22 Licensed Crematories Billings, Bozeman, Butte, Great Falls, Hamilton, Helena, Kalispell, Livingston, Malta, Martinsdale, Miles City, Missoula, Polson, & Whitefish www.crematorydirectory.com

22. 22 What are the costs of cremation?

23. What is the average cost of cremation? Countdown 8 1. $3,310 2. $2,175 3. $1,650 4. $950 5. $610

24. 24 Comparison Cost Cremation  $1,000 - $3,000  Average cost $1,650 Funeral  $7,755

25. 25 Cremation Costs Funeral Homes  Must provide disclosure form − Itemizing Expenses

26. 26 Does my body have to be embalmed? Not required unless certain funeral arrangements selected.  Private or public viewing

27. 27 Casket Required? Not in Montana  Nationwide − 90% of cremations do not have casket

28. 28 Montana Requirements Enclosed, rigid, leak proof container  Fiberboard  Pressed Wood  Cardboard

29. 29 FTC Rules Must disclose in writing & make available:  Alternative container  Unfinished wooden box

30. 30 Authorization Crematory must have written cremation authorization form  Signed by authorization agent

31. 31 Authorizing Agent Person legally entitled to determine final disposition of human remains

32. 32 Priority Order Unless other directions provided by deceased  Spouse  Majority Adult Children (not all)  Parent  Close relative of deceased

33. 33 In Absence of Family Personal Representative Public Administrator Others as Designated by Montana Board of Funeral Service

34. 34 List Request Prepaid funeral contract Written disposition direction Signed affidavit Videotaped disposition

35. 35 Further Information What Are Your Rights Over Your Remains  Search by title  www.montana.edu

36. 36 What is done with the body before cremation?

37. 37 Personal Possession Remove  Jewelry  Mementos

38. 38 Pacemakers Remove  Could damage  Authorizing agent held responsible

39. 39 Cremated with body Prostheses Mechanical Devices Implants

40. 40 Wait 24 hours Signed Death Certificate Crematory Authorization

41. 41 My ashes or others? Identifying metal disc attached to each receptacle containing a body

42. 42 Identifying Disc During cremation disc secured on control panel outside the chamber

43. 43 My ashes or others? Number of identifying metal disc written on outside of receptacle 12

44. 44 Which survivors are ashes given to? Individual specified by authorizing agent on cremation authorization form

45. 45 No Authorizing Agent After 90 days:  Crematory has the authority for disposition of remains

46. 46 What should family do with ashes?

47. 47 Businessman Put my ashes in an envelope and mail them to IRS. Write on envelope…”

48. 48 Now you have everything!

49. 49 Urns Hardwood Stone or Marble Bronze, copper, or other metals Biodegradable

50. 50 Urn Burial Columbarium niche

51. 51 Urn Burial Urn Garden

52. 52 Keepsake Memorial Jewelry  Pendant  Ring

53. 53 Keepsake Memorial Miniature Cast  Bronze Urn

54. 54 What to do with ashes? Bury Scatter

55. 55 Scattering--Where 30% water 29% land 18% preference of deceased

56. 56 Scattering 59% preferred to be scattered rather than buried

57. 57 Where to Scatter? Privately owned lands

58. 58 Church-Owned Lands Ask Permission

59. 59 City Lands, Parks, & Lakes City Attorney City Commissioner  Permission?  Forms?

60. 60 County Lands, Parks, & Lakes County Attorney County Commissioner  Permission?  Forms?

61. 61 School Trust Lands Montana Department of Natural Resources & Conservation (DNRC)

62. 62 School Trust Lands Sections 16 & 36 Township Land use permit ($25) Area Office fee (varies)

63. 63 State Rivers & Lakes Montana Department of Environmental Quality  No permit required

64. 64 State Lands & Parks Montana Fish, Wildlife & Parks  Not allow unless authorized by commissioner

65. 65 Tribal Trust Lands 7 reservations in Montana  Tribal Community Council  General Council

66. 66 Bureau of Land Management Lands No federal permits are necessary  Unless commercial enterprises

67. 67 Federal Waters At sea  3 nautical miles  Burial/Scatter at Sea Notification Form  www.epa.gov

68. 68 National Cemeteries Veterans  Spouses  Dependent children

69. 69 Montana List from: VA Medical & Regional Office Center Fort Harrison, MT 877-468-8387

70. Can you scatter ashes in a National Park? Countdown 8 1. Yes 2. No 3. Not sure

71. 71 National Forests Forest Service  No rules or regulations  Except for California

72. 72 National Parks Each national park has conditions for granting permission Contact  Superintendent of Park  www.nps.gov/findapark

73. 73 Yellowstone National Park Special Use Permit-- $25  Yellowstone Visitor Service Office

74. 74 Glacier National Park Undeveloped areas  Notify Special Park Uses Office  406-888-7800

75. 75 Air Federal Aviation Administration  As long as no hazard to persons or property  866-835-5322

76. 76 Hub Wheelman’s Daughter “I keep a small vial of his ashes in my glove compartment. I am nowhere near the driver he was, but at least he’s still spending a fair amount of time on the road.”

77. 77 Hot Air Balloonist “….released my wife’s ashes from her balloon high in the desert where she broke the world’s record…I think she is smiling.”

78. 78 Can I have my ashes mailed?

79. 79 Shipping- Montana U.S. Postal Service  Only by Registered Mail  Return Receipt Services

80. 80 Ship-Out of State Include:  Copy of cremation authorization form

81. 81 Shipping Container Sift-proof Sealed Durable

82. 82 No shipment of cremated remains United Parcel Service Federal Express

83. 83 Prefer Cremation? Place request in writing  Preneed Authorization

84. 84 Funeral Director “When planning to honor and memorialize a person who has died, the family should plan a funeral, memorial, celebration of life or gathering that best suits their religious beliefs, traditions, lifestyle & budget.”

85. 85 Acknowledgements Montana Board of Funeral Service Montana Funeral Directors Association

86. 86 Montana Department of Public Health & Human Services Environmental Quality Fish, Wildlife & Parks

87. 87 Further Info p. 6 Montana Board of Funeral Service www.funeral.mt.gov

88. 88 Further Info Montana Funeral Directors Association Local Funeral Home www.mfda.net

89. 89 National Info AARP  www.aarp.org Cremation Association of North America (CANA)  www.cremationassociation.org

90. 90 National Info Funeral Consumers Alliance (FCA)  www.funerals.org Funeral Service Educational Foundation (FSEF)  www.fsef.org

91. 91 National Info International Crematory & Funeral Association  www.iccfa.org National Funeral Directors Association (NFDA)  www.nfda.org Selected Independent Funeral Homes (SIFH)  www.selectedfuneralhomes.orgwww.selectedfuneralhomes.org

92. 92 Definitions of Terms in Cremation Industry At the end of MontGuide

93. 93 Cremation MSU Extension MontGuide 200201 HR Updated February 2013