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Weathering
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W-E-D Cycle ESRT PAGE 6 The water cycle aides in the Weathering-Erosion-Deposition Cycle
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Weathering Weathering: The breaking down of material at or near the Earth’s surface
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Physical Weathering A. Physical (Mechanical) Weathering: Changes in the size and/or shape of a rock without changing the rock’s composition
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1. Frost Wedging: Water in the cracks of rocks freezes
-> volume of the water increases->makes cracks larger->water melts & evaporates ->more rock is exposed-> rock begins to break apart
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Physical Weathering 2. Plant Action: Tiny root hairs seek out the breaks in rocks ->roots grow and expand causing greater pressure -> breaks the rock further
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3. Exfoliation: Peeling away of large sheets of loosened materials at the surface of a rock due to changes in pressure or temperature
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Abrasion 4. Abrasion: The physical wearing down of rocks as they rub or bounce against each other. Five Natural Agents of Abrasion Flowing water Moving ice Waves Winds Gravity
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Physical Weathering in Action
Visualization
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In Your Own Words (10 mins)
Write the definition of physical weathering in your own words Draw 4 boxes In each box, define each type of physical weathering in your own words, or draw an illustration of what happens during each type of weathering
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Chemical Weathering B. Chemical Weathering- Changes in the mineral composition of a rock thereby forming new substances. Oxidation: Occurs when oxygen interacts chemically with minerals. The rusting of iron is an example of oxidation.
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Hydrolysis/Water: Occurs when there are chemical reactions between water and minerals
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A Famous Example
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Dissolution/Acid 3. Dissolution/Acid: Occurs when minerals are “dissolved” over time- surface has a ‘sugary’ feel when touched. Acid rain and carbonic acid are examples of agents of dissolution.
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Chemical Weathering in Action
Chemical Weathering Visualization
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In Your Own Words (10 mins)
On the same paper as physical weathering, but in a separate area, write the definition of chemical weathering in your own words Draw 3 boxes In each box, define each type of chemical weathering in your own words, or draw an illustration of what happens during each type of weathering
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Gravestone: Shale
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Gravestone: Granite
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Gravestone: Sandstone
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Gravestone: Marble
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Rates of Weathering Rates of weathering will be influenced by…
1. Exposed surface area- weathering occurs on the surface. The more surface exposed, the faster weathering will occur.
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Rates of Weathering 2. Mineral composition- some minerals are more resistant than others. For example, quartz is resistant to chemical and physical weathering.
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The more resistant a mineral is to weathering, the more time it takes to wear down the material.
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Granite vs. Limestone
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Rates of Weathering Climatic conditions-
Cold and/or dry climates favor physical weathering. Warm and wet climates favor chemical weathering.
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Frost wedging works best in areas where the temperature changes often- going from below freezing to above freezing regularly
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