2.  What do you KNOW about Judaism and Christianity?

3.   Students will understand that Judaism and Christianity share a great deal and helped shape ideas in history. The Big Idea

4.   Objectives 1.Identify the Jewish Bible and the Christian Bible and their parts, and recognize their importance to Jews and Christians. 2.Understand Abraham’s covenant with God and his role as patriarch for Jews, Christians, and Muslims. Lesson #1: The Covenant

5.  How was Earth made?

6.  What is the meaning of life?

7.  What happens to us when we die?

8. Human beings have asked these questions for centuries and many have found answers in the form of religious faith.

9.  Vocabulary  Scripture – sacred writings that are believed to be the word of God.  Bible – simply means “book”  Covenant – a relationship in which two parties agree to depend on each other  Monotheism – the religious belief that there is only one divine being  Sacrifice – to kill a living creature as an offering to a god  Patriarch – a man who is a founder or father of a group of people

10.  The Bible  Most of what we know about Judaism and Christianity comes from the bible.  The bible is a collection of sacred writings, or Scripture, that is important to Jews and to Christians as well.

11.  The Bible  Christians and Jews both possess the Bible, but in different forms.  For Jews, the Bible, which they call the Tanach, consists only of those writings that Christians call the Old Testament.

12.  The Bible  The Jewish Bible is a collection of books written over a period of about a thousand years.  It includes the laws, history, poetry, letters, and legends of the ancient Hebrew, or Jewish, People.

13.  The Bible  For Christians, the Bible contains, besides the Old Testament, the New Testament, which consists of Christian writing added after the time of Christ

14.  The Beginning of Judaism  The first book of the Bible, Genesis, tells the story of a man name Abraham who lived many years ago- around 3,500 – 4,000 years ago.

15.  Mesopotamia

16. 

17.  Covenant with God

18.  Abraham and Isaac

19. 

20.  Why the Sacrifice?

21.  The Legacy of Abraham

22. The idea of a covenant between God and a people has lasted for centuries. It has been the basis for three major religions and has changed the way millions of human beings have thought of themselves.

23.  Review Questions 1.What is Scripture?

24.  Review Questions 2. What Scripture is sacred to Jews?

25.  Review Questions 3. What Scripture is sacred to Christians?

26.  Review Questions 4. What does the New Testament contain?

27.  Review Questions 5. How did God and Abraham enter into a covenant with each other?

28.  Review Questions 6. How did Abraham prove his faith in God?

29.   Objectives 1.Describe the Exodus of the Hebrews from Egypt. 2.Explain the Ten Commandments and how God revealed them to Moses. 3.Understand the content of the Torah, or Pentateuch. Lesson #2: The Commandments

30.  10 rules in order to make the world a better place

31.  Vocabulary  Torah – the first five books in the Bible; also known as the Books of Moses and the Pentateuch

32.  The Legacy of Abraham

33.  Canaan to Egypt

34.  Moses

35. 

36. 

37.  The Ten Commandments

38. 

39.  The Torah

40.  Abraham and Moses

41.  Review Questions 1.What was the Exodus? According to the Bible, who was responsible for helping the Hebrews in it?

42.  Review Questions 2. Where does the Bible say that God revealed the Ten Commandments to Moses? How did God reveal them to him?

43.  Review Questions 3. What do the Ten Commandments represent to Jews?

44.  Review Questions 4. What five books comprise the Torah?

45.  Review Questions 5. What is the Pentateuch and what are some of the things contained in it?

46.   Objectives 1.Understand the role of Prophets such as Amos and Isaiah in Judaism. 2.Understand what happened to the Jewish people during the almost 1,000 years between David’s Kingdom and the coming of Roman rule. Lesson #3: The Prophets

47.  The Prophets Warned their fellow Jews about religious failings and social injustices.

48.  Vocabulary  Prophet – in the Bible, a person who is inspired by God  Messiah – the anointed one; an agent of God who comes to set things right for God’s people

49.  The Kingdom of Israel  The Hebrews, or the Israelites, as they now became known, fought many wars with the other peoples and tribes who lived in Canaan.

50.  David and Goliath  David had a powerful faith in God.  His only weapons were his slingshot and his faith.

51.  King David  David went on to become Israel’s king and one of it greatest heroes.

52.  King David  David was also a talented musician, and he is said to have written a number of Psalms, or sacred hymns, in honor of God.

53.  The Lord is my shepherd; I shall not want. He maketh me to lie down green pastures; He leadeth me beside the still waters. He restoreth my soul; He guideth me in straight paths for His name’s sake. Yea, though I walk through the valley of The shadow of death, I will fear no evil, For Thou (God) art with me; Twenty-third Psalm

54.  Thy rod and Thy staff, they comfort me. Thou preparest a table before me in the Presence of mine enemies; Thou anointest (blessed) my head with oil; My cup runneth over. Surely goodness and mercy shall follow Me all the days of my life; And I will dwell in the house of the Lord for ever. Twenty-third Psalm

55.  King Solomon  When King David died his son Solomon became king.

56.  The Sorrows of Israel and Judah

57.  Destruction of Solomon’s Temple

58.  Throughout these centuries of turmoil, the Jewish people connected their belief in God’s fairness with their own expectations of themselves. If God was just and cared for people, then he expected people to care for one another as well. The Prophets

59.  Religious offense One religious offense that angered the prophets was the early Jews’ tendency to forget the covenant and begin worshiping other gods. They would set up idols such as this golden calf

60.   Amos was a religious leader who lived in the northern kingdom and foresaw the little state’s conquest by might Assyria.  He taught about justice and judgment Amos

61.   Was from the southern kingdom of Judah  He warned that Judah would face the same fate as the northern kingdom if it did not treat its poor justly.  Urged the Jews to honor their covenant with God, in order to bring about peace and justice on Earth. Isaiah

62.  About 2,500 years ago, Cyrus, the king of Persia (a country now known as Iran), destroyed the Babylonian Empire. The return to Jerusalem

63.   Alexander the Great  Hanukkah  Roman Empire The conquering of the Middle East

64.  Ever since the time of Isaiah, more than 500 years before, prophets had foretold a messiah, or savior, whom God would send to free Israel and establish righteousness throughout the world. Hopes for the Messiah

65.  Review Questions 1.Who was the head of the unified kingdom of Israel about three thousand years ago? What were some of his achievements?

66.  Review Questions 2. What happened to the Jewish kingdom after the death of Solomon?

67.  Review Questions 3. What foreign ruler restored Jerusalem to the ancient Jews?

68.  Review Questions 4. Who were the Jewish prophets, and what did they do?

69.  Review Questions 5. What did the prophet Isaiah try to convey?

70.  Assignment Timeline Worksheet

71.   Objectives 1.Understand the centrality of Jesus Christ to Christianity. 2.Understand the content of Jesus’ teaching in the Beatitudes, Golden Rule, parables, and Lord’s Prayer. Lesson #4: The Life of Jesus

72.  The Christian religion began as a movement within Judaism. The Man Called Jesus

73.  Jesus

74. 

75. 

76.  Healer and Teacher

77.  Healing the Sick

78.  Parables  In the Gospel account, Jesus often made his points by using parables, or stories

79.  The Two Great Commandments

80.  Sermon on the Mount Many of Jesus’ teachings were presented on a famous occasion when he addressed a crowd from a hilltop.

81.  The Eight Beatitudes "Blessed are the poor in spirit, for theirs is the kingdom of heaven. Blessed are they who mourn, for they shall be comforted. Blessed are the meek, for they shall inherit the earth. Blessed are they who hunger and thirst for righteousness, for they shall be satisfied. Blessed are the merciful, for they shall obtain mercy. Blessed are the pure of heart, for they shall see God. Blessed are the peacemakers, for they shall be called children of God. Blessed are they who are persecuted for the sake of righteousness, for theirs is the kingdom of heaven." Gospel of St. Matthew 5:3-10Matthew

82.  Final Event in Jesus’ Life Eventually, Jesus and some of his followers went to Jerusalem. The city was holy to Jews because God’s Temple was there.

83.  Final Event in Jesus’ Life The Last SupperGarden of Gethsemane

84.  Pontius Pilate

85.  Was a cruel form of public execution used frequently by the Romans for people guilty of what the government considered particularly awful crimes, especially rebellion. Crucifixion

86.  Tomb

87.  Review Questions 1.What four books of the New Testament treat Jesus’ actions and words?

88.  Review Questions 2. According to the New Testament, what miracles did Jesus perform?

89.  Review Questions 3. According to Jesus’ followers, what happened after Jesus was crucified?

90.  Review Questions 4. In the Golden Rule, what does Jesus urge his listeners to do?

91.  Review Questions 5. What people do the Beatitudes address?

92.   Objectives 1.Understand the spread of Christianity through Jesus’ followers, such as Paul of Tarsus. 2.Understand the Roman persecution of Christians, the efforts of church councils to standardize Christianity, and the growth of Christianity as a major religion. Lesson #5: The Rise of Christianity

93.  Jesus lived during the time when Rome ruled the ancient Middle East. After Jesus’ execution by the Romans, his followers (called Christians) began to worship him as God’s son and the Messiah, and they spread his message throughout the Roman Empire. The Rise of Christianity

94.  At first, Jesus’ followers talked about their belief in Christ to their neighbors in their Jewish communities. But the Jewish community as a whole did not accept this idea that Jesus Christ was the messiah who would start a new age. Two Religions

95.  The Spread of Christianity

96.  Paul One of the most important of the early Christians was Paul. A Jew from Tarsus in modern Turkey, Paul started out hating Christians and persecuting them.

97.  Paul Paul began preaching, trying to persuade people to believe in Jesus Christ. He made three long journeys to start new communities of Christians.

98.  The Spread of Christianity

99.  Paul arrested

100.  Gradually, the small communities that Paul and other missionaries established gave rise to Christian groups throughout the Roman Empire. But Christians were not always liked by their non-Christian neighbors. Many people thought that Christians had strange ideas and practices. Christianity Becomes a Major Religion

101.  Despite such persecution the number of Christians continued to increase. Over the course of the third and fourth centuries, Christianity became the major religion of the Roman Empire. Christianity Becomes a Major Religion

102.  Nicene Creed

103. By the 600s the Church was flourishing in most parts of the old Roman Empire. Christians had strong leaders, carefully reasoned beliefs, and a faith that was expressed through beautiful songs and prayers.

104.  Review Questions 1.How did Paul try to persuade people to believe in Jesus Christ?

105.  Review Questions 2. Why did Romans persecute Christians?

106.  Review Questions 3. What document declared that the Christian Church could exist in the Roman Empire?

107.  Review Questions 4. At what council was the creed established that declared God exists as a Trinity?

108.   Objectives 1.Understand that Judaism and Christianity agree on one God, who is good and who make everything in the universe, and that people should be good. 2.Understand that Judaism and Christianity disagree on question of human nature and life after death. Lesson #6: Ideas About God and Humanity

109.  Judaism and Christianity have many ideas in common. Both teach that there is one God, that he is good, that he made everything in the universe, including human beings, and that he wants people to avoid evil and do good. Similarities and Differences

110.  Judaism  At the center of Jewish life and teaching is the Torah, through which, Judaism teaches, God reveals himself to human beings. Christianity  Christians agree that God revealed himself to people through the Old Testament, but they do not follow all the instructions of the Torah.

111.  Human Nature Judaism  Most Jews agree that people can recognize good and evil and must use their consciences to choose between them. Christianity  Christians use the story of Adam and Eve to shape their view of human nature

112.  Life After Death Judaism  Jews disagree among themselves about whether there is life after death and, if so, what it might be like. Christianity  Traditional Christians insist that there is life after death.

113.  Springing from the same ancient roots, Judaism and Christianity offer answers to basic questions about the meaning of life that people have always asked. Both offer people many opportunities to explore their faith in God. Judaism and Christianity

114.  Review Questions 1.What issues do Jews and Christians agree on concerning God?

115.  Review Questions 2. How does God reveal himself according to the Jewish faith?

116.  Review Questions 3. How does God reveal himself according to the Christian faith?

117.  Review Questions 4. How do Jewish and Christian beliefs about human nature differ?

118.  Review Questions 5. What different beliefs do Jews and Christians have about the end of the world?