1. Fibers & Fabrics Variety of fabric. From the left: evenweave cotton, velvet, printed cotton, calico, felt, satin, silk, hessian, polycotton.

2. Sunday textile market on the sidewalks of Karachi, Pakistan.

3. Natural Fibers Cotton Wool Silk Flax

4. More Natural Fibers Hemp Jute Sisal

5. Properties of wool: 1) It is hard wearing and absorbs moisture. 2) It does not burn over a flame but smolders instead. 3) It is lightweight and versatile. 4) Wool does not wrinkle easily. 5) It is resistant to dirt and wear and tear. Uses: Wool is used to make sweaters, dresses, coats, suits, jackets, pants and the lining of boots. It can also be made into blankets and carpets. WOOL

6. Wool comes from sheep, llamas, rabbits and goats.

7. SHEARING: New technologies are being worked on to reduce the labor costs needed for shearing. It includes injections that make the wool fall off and also a robot that can shear the sheep.

8. After the shearing wool is baled.

9. Wool Production Process Combing Sorting Finishing

10. Properties of cotton: 1) It is soft and comfortable. 2) It wrinkles easily. 3) It absorbs perspiration quickly. 4) It has good color retention and is good to print on. 5) Cotton is also strong and durable. Uses: Cotton is used to make blouses, shirts, shorts, jackets and pants. It can also be made into bedspreads, towels, pillowcases, carpets and curtains. COTTON

11. Cotton Production Process Growing Picking Cleaning Carding Spinning

12. SILK Properties of silk: 1) It is versatile and very comfortable. 2) It absorbs moisture. 3) It is cool to wear in the summer yet warm to wear in winter. 4) It can be easily dyed. 5) It retains its shape and is relatively smooth. 6) It has a poor resistance to sunlight exposure. 7) It is the strongest natural fiber and is lustrous. Uses: Silk is used to make blouses, dresses, scarves, pants and ties. It can also be made into curtains, draperies, cushion covers and sofa covers.

16. Workers classify silkworm cocoons before they are processed at a silk factory. Each cocoon has a thread that is 1,000 to 3,000 feet long. A mile is 5280 feet.

17. Linen is made from the Flax plant

18. Synthetic Manufactured Fibers Rayon, 1910 Acetate, 1924, Nylon, 1939 Modacrylic, 1949 Acrylic, 1950, Polyester, 1953 PLA, 2002 AND… Aramid (Twaron, Kevlar, Technora, Nomex) Carbon fiber Microfiber Olefin Polyethelene (Dyneema, Spectra) Spandex Zylon

19. POLYESTER Properties of polyester: 1) It is resists wrinkling. 2) It is easy to launder. 3) It dries quickly. 4) It is resistant to stretching and shrinking. Uses: Polyester is used to make most forms of clothing like shirts, running shorts, track pants, windbreakers, and lingerie. It can also be made into curtains and draperies. The most used of all fibers!

20. NYLON Properties of nylon: 1) It is strong and elastic. 2) It is easy to launder. 3) It dries quickly. 4) It retains its shape. 5) It is resilient and responsive to heat setting. Uses: Nylon is popular for hosiery and is used to make track pants, shorts, swimwear, active wear, tents, windbreakers, bedspread and draperies. It can also be made into parachutes, flak vests, combat uniforms, tires and life vests, or used as the netting of bridal veils, umbrellas and luggage.

21. Typical Weave Construction (takes two threads/yarns to create a weave)

22. Fabric Manufacturing Huge looms used to weave fabric.

23. Looms for weaving fabrics.

24. Knitting Machines in Textile Factory. (use just one thread/yarn to create knits) Left and below: Examples of circular knitting. Used for socks and t-shirts.

25. Felted Fabrics Another way fabrics are made is by felting. Fibers are randomly put together with heat and pressure. This type of fabric is commonly used for: –Carpet pads –Craft items –Quilt battings

26. Working in a textile plant. Assembly line production Assembly line production is when each person does a step of the process and then passes it on to the next.

27. a. _______________b. _______________ c. _______________ d. _______________

28. h. _______________g. _______________ f. _______________e. _______________