1. GCSE Physical Education The Effect of Lifestyle on the Cardiovascular System

2. Learning Objectives By the end of this lesson pupils should:
The need for rest and recovery time
The impact of diet on the cardiovascular
system, in particular how it can effect
blood pressure and cholesterol
The effects of recreational drugs

3. Rest

4. Rest Rest - the period of time allotted to recovery
Rest is essential to recovery and to
allow the body to adapt
Specifically, rest allows the heart to
grow in size and thickness and for
the number of capillaries to increase

5. Risk of Coronary Heart Disease

6. Risk of Coronary Heart Disease
Factors that may have a negative effect on the cardiovascular system and increase the risk of coronary heart disease include:
High cholesterol
Recreational drugs
Sedentary lifestyle and lack of exercise
Stress

7. High Cholesterol

8. High Cholesterol
Cholesterol is a fatty substance carried in the blood by lipoproteins
Lipoprotein come in two forms:
High density lipoprotein (HDL)
Low density lipoprotein (LDL)

9. High Density Lipoprotein (HDL)
Contains more protein than fat and
is referred to as ‘good cholesterol’
Carries cholesterol away from the
arteries to the liver, which removes
it from the body
Foods rich in HDL include fruit,
vegetables, whole grains, and
legumes

10. Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL)
Consists mainly of fat and is known as ‘bad
cholesterol’
Is the major cause of cholesterol in the
blood, and can lead to a build-up of
plaque which can restrict blood flow in
the arteries
Blockages in the blood vessels mean
that the heart has to work harder to pump
blood around the body, resulting in an
increase in blood pressure

11. High Cholesterol

12. High Cholesterol High cholesterol can be caused by a diet
high in LDL, such as saturated fat (bad fat).
Cholesterol only becomes a problem when
the level in the blood is too high
More cholesterol than the body needs can
cause a build up of fatty deposits (plaque)
in the arteries and lead to heart problems
This can increase the risk of coronary heart
disease

13. Recreational Drugs

14. Recreational Drugs Nicotine raises blood pressure because
they release adrenaline. Adrenaline
constricts the arteries and causes the heart
to beat faster
Tobacco smoke is a major risk of heart
disease. Smoking lowers HDL (‘good
cholesterol’) and increases chance of blood
clotting
Some people have to take prescription
drugs to control blood pressure

15. Sedentary Lifestyle & Lack of Exercise

16. Sedentary Lifestyle & Lack of Exercise
Inactivity means that the
cardiovascular system does not
receive the benefits of exercise
Sedentary living is also believed to be
one of the main reasons for
increasing rates of obesity
Sedentary living involves sitting and a
lack of exercise

17. Stress

18. Stress The stress that may increase the risk of
cardiovascular disease is different to the
stress felt before a competition or while
taking an exam
Negative stress builds up over time and
can affect the cardiovascular system by
leading to an increase in blood pressure
and elevated heart rate
It can also lead to depression and mood
swings

19. Learning Objectives (Revisited)
By the end of this lesson pupils should:
The need for rest and recovery time
The impact of diet on the cardiovascular
system, in particular how it can effect
blood pressure and cholesterol
The effects of recreational drugs

20. Any questions, please do not hesitate to ask
Thank you
Any questions, please do not hesitate to ask